8. Monitoring Risk In Specific Situations Interviewing staff and service providers How is the decision made to allocate staff to work with particular detainees/prisoners? Interviewing detainees/prisoners • Do detainees/prisoners feel safe with the other people in their cell? If not, are there specific SGBV concerns? • Do detainees/prisoners interact with members of the opposite sex outside their cells? If so, are there concerns about SGBV? • Are women and children asked to give their agreement before interacting with male detainees/prisoners or adults? • Did authorities conduct a needs/risk assessment for each detainee, including in relation to SGBV, when they first arrived in the facility? If so, has this assessment ever been reviewed/updated? • Can detainees/prisoners challenge their allocation and the outcome of the risk/ needs assessment if they feel it is inaccurate or if they feel they are in danger? Focus on specific groups • Are there special policies in place for the housing and supervision of transgender or inter-sex detainees/prisoners, taking into consideration their self-perceived gender? 8.4 Body Searches Body searches present a particular risk factor for SGBV in places of deprivation of liberty. They can be carried out on detainees/prisoners, visitors, service providers and staff, as well as on those monitoring places of deprivation of liberty. There are three main types of body searches: pat down/frisk searches, strip searches and body cavity searches, which are also sometimes known as “invasive” or “intimate” searches. Searches are also sometimes carried out with the assistance of dogs trained to detect possible narcotics possession. All those being searched, but detainees/prisoners in particular, are at a heightened risk of SGBV during body searches. This could take the form of verbal or physical abuse and can occur during any type of body search. Sometimes, body searches are conducted to deliberately degrade or humiliate the person being searched. Women are particularly vulnerable during body searches, especially strip and body-cavity searches. Body searches can also be particularly problematic for LGBTI persons. Body searches can amount to torture when they are carried out with the intention of inflicting severe mental or physical pain or suffering on the person being searched. The 44