2.1 Konvencija OZN proti mučenju in drugim krutim, nečloveškim ali poniževalnim kaznim ali ravnanju 2.1 UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 21. člen Article 21 1. Država članica te konvencije lahko v skladu s tem členom kadarkoli izjavi, da prizna, da je komite pristojen prejemati in obravnavati poročila, v katerih ena država članica trdi, da kakšna druga država članica ne izpolnjuje svojih obveznosti na podlagi te konvencije. Ta sporočila se lahko prejemajo in obravnavajo v skladu s tem členom samo, če prihajajo iz države članice, ki je dala izjavo, da prizna pristojnost komiteja. Komite ne obravnava nobenega sporočila, ki se nanaša na državo članico, ki ni dala take izjave. Za sporočila, prejeta po tem členu, velja takle postopek: a) če država članica te konvencije meni, da kakšna druga država, ki je tudi članica konvencije, ne uporablja določb konvencije, lahko pisno opozori zadevno državo na to vprašanje. Država, ki ji je poslano sporočilo, pošlje v treh mesecih po njegovem prejemu državi, ki ji je poslala sporočilo, pojasnilo ali kakršnokoli drugo pisno izjavo, ki pojasnjuje vprašanje in ki naj bi vsebovala čim več in čim koristnejša obvestila o pravilih postopka in o pravnih sredstvih, bodisi da so že uporabljena ali se uporabljajo ali se šele utegnejo uporabiti; b) če v šestih mesecih od dneva, ko je prejemna država dobila začetno sporočilo, vprašanje ni zadovoljivo rešeno za obe zainteresirani državi članici, imata obe pravico predložiti to vprašanje komiteju, pri čemer se pošlje sporočilo komiteju in drugi zainteresirani državi; c) komite je lahko pristojen za zadevo, ki jo dobi v skladu s tem členom, šele ko se prepriča, da so bila vsa razpoložljiva interna pravna sredstva izkoriščena in izčrpana v skladu s splošno priznanimi načeli mednarodnega prava. To pravilo se ne uporablja v primerih, ko pritožbeni postopki presegajo razumne roke ali ni pričakovati, da bodo dejansko učinkoviti za osebo, ki je žrtev kršenja te konvencije; d) komite obravnava sporočila, predvidena s tem členom, na zaprtih sejah; e) s pridržkom določb pod c) ponudi komite svoje dobre usluge zainteresiranima državama članicama, da bi mimo rešili vprašanje ob spoštovanju obveznosti iz te konvencije. Če komite meni, da je potrebno, lahko v ta namen ustanovi ad hoc spravno komisijo; f) v vsaki zadevi, ki mu je predložena v skladu s tem členom, lahko komite zahteva od zainteresiranih držav članic iz pododstavka b), da mu pošljeta vsa ustrezna obvestila; g) zainteresirani državi članici, navedeni v pododstavku b), imata pravico biti zastopani, ko komite obravnava zadevo, in dajati ustne in/ali pisne pripombe; h) komite mora predložiti poročilo v dvanajstih mesecih od dneva, ko je prejel sporočilo, navedeno v pododstavku b); i) če je bilo mogoče najti rešitev v skladu z določbo pod e), se komite v svojem poročilu omeji na kratko navedbo dejstev in dosežene rešitve; ii) če rešitve ni bilo mogoče najti v skladu z določbo pod e), se komite v svojem poročilu omeji na kratko navedbo dejstev, besedilo pisnih pripomb in zapisnik o ustnih pripombah, ki sta jih navedli zainteresirani državi članici, se dodata k poročilu. Za vsako zadevo se pošlje poročilo zainteresiranima državama članicama. 1. A State Party to this Convention may at any time declare under this article that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications to the effect that a State Party claims that another State Party is not fulfilling its obligations under this Convention. Such communications may be received and considered according to the procedures laid down in this article only if submitted by a State Party which has made a declaration recognizing in regard to itself the competence of the Committee. No communication shall be dealt with by the Committee under this article if it concerns a State Party which has not made such a declaration. Communications received under this article shall be dealt with in accordance with the following procedure; (a) If a State Party considers that another State Party is not giving effect to the provisions ofthis Convention, it may, by written communication, bring the matter to the attention of that State Party. Within three months afler the receipt of the communication the receiving State shall afford the State which sent the communication an explanation or any other statement in writing clarifying the matter, which should include, to the extent possible and pertinent, reference to domestic procedures and remedies taken, pending or available in the matter; (b) If the matter is not adjusted to the satisfaction of both States Parties concerned within six months after the receipt by the receiving State of the initial communication, either State shall have the right to refer the matter to the Committee, by notice given to the Committee and to the other State; (c) The Committee shall deal with a matter referred to it under this article only after it has ascertained that all domestic remedies have been invoked and exhausted in the matter, in conformity with the generally recognized principles of international law. This shall not be the rule where the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged or is unlikely to bring effective relief to the person who is the victim of the violation of this Convention; (d) The Committee shall hold closed meetings when examining communications under this article; (e) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (c), the Committee shall make available its good offices to the States Parties concerned with a view to a friendly solution of the matter on the basis of respect for the obligations provided for in this Convention. For this purpose, the Committee may, when appropriate, set up an ad hoc conciliation commission; (f) In any matter referred to it under this article, the Committee may call upon the States Parties concerned, referred to in subparagraph (b), to supply any relevant information; (g) The States Parties concerned, referred to in subparagraph (b), shall have the right to be represented when the matter is being considered by the Committee and to make submissions orally and/or in writing; (h) The Committee shall, within twelve months after the date of receipt of notice under subparagraph (b), submit a report: (i) If a solution within the terms of subparagraph (e) is reached, the Committee shall confine its report to a brief statement of the facts and of the solution reached; (ii) If a solution within the terms of subparagraph (e) is not reached, the Committee shall confine its report to a brief statement of the facts; the written submissions and record of the oral submissions made by the States Parties concerned shall be attached to the report. In every matter, the report shall be communicated to the States Parties concerned. 2. Določbe tega člena začnejo veljati, ko pet držav članic te konvencije da izjavo, predvideno v prvem odstavku tega člena. To izjavo deponira država članica pri generalnem sekretarju Organizacije združenih narodov, ki pošlje kopijo drugim državam članicam. Izjava se lahko umakne kadarkoli s sporočilom, poslanim generalnemu sekretarju. Ta umik ne vpliva na obravnavo kakršnegakoli vprašanja, ki je predmet že poslanega sporočila v skladu s tem členom: nobeno nadaljnje sporočilo katerekoli države članice ne bo sprejeto v skladu s tem členom, ko generalni sekretar prejme sporočilo o umiku izjave, razen če zainteresirana država članica ne da nove izjave. 22. člen 1. Država članica te konvencije lahko v skladu s tem členom kadarkoli izjavi, da prizna, da je komite pristojen sprejemati in obravnavati sporočila, ki jih dobi od posameznikov ali v imenu posameznikov, ki so pod njeno jurisdikcijo in trdijo, da so žrtve kršenja določb konvencije s strani kakšne države članice. Komite ne sprejme nobenega sporočila, ki se nanaša na posamezno državo članico, ki ni dala take izjave. 2. The provisions of this article shall come into force when five States Parties to this Convention have made declarations under paragraph 1 of this article. Such declarations shall be deposited by the States Parties with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States Parties. A declaration may be withdrawn at any time by notification to the SecretaryGeneral. Such a withdrawal shall not prejudice the consideration of any matter which is the subject of a communication already transmitted under this article; no further communication by any State Party shall be received under this article after the notification of withdrawal of the declaration has been received by the Secretary-General, unless the State Party concerned has made a new declaration. Article 22 1. A State Party to this Convention may at any time declare under this article that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications from or on behalf of individuals subject to its jurisdiction who claim to be victims of a violation by a State Party of the provisions of the Convention. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State Party which has not made such a declaration. 196 poročilo o izvajanju nalog DPM v letu 2014 DržavnI preventivnI mehanizEm po Opcijskem protokolu h Konvenciji OZN proti mučenju in drugim krutim, nečloveškim ali poniževalnim kaznim ali ravnanju IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE NPM IN 2014 National Preventive Mechanism under the Optional Protocol to the UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 197