Izvajanje nalog in pooblastil državnega preventivnega mehanizma od začetka delovanja v letu 2008 do leta 2014 Dejavnosti DPM Activities of the NPM DPM pri izvajanju svojih nalog in pooblastil obiskuje (upoštevajoč pri tem vsakoletni program obiskov) vse kraje odvzema prostosti v Republiki Sloveniji in tako preverja ravnanje z osebami, ki jim je bila odvzeta prostost, da bi se okrepilo njihovo varstvo pred mučenjem in drugimi oblikami okrutnega, nečloveškega ali poniževalnega ravnanja ali kaznovanja. Ob upoštevanju pravnih norm DPM pristojnim organom daje priporočila, da bi izboljšali razmere in ravnanje z osebami ter preprečili mučenje in druge oblike okrutnega, nečloveškega, poniževalnega ravnanja ali kaznovanja. V tej zvezi lahko predloži tudi predloge in pripombe k veljavnim ali predlaganim zakonom. When implementing its duties and powers, the NPM visits (while observing its annual programme of visits) all locations in the Republic of Slovenia where persons are deprived of their liberty and inspects how such persons are treated, in order to strengthen their protection against torture and other cruel, inhuman or humiliating treatment or punishment. While observing suitable legal norms, the NPM gives recommendations to relevant authorities to improve the conditions and treatment of people and prevent torture and other forms of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. In this regard, the NPM may also submit proposals and comments to the applicable or drafted acts. Znani kraji odvzema prostosti v Republiki Sloveniji so zlasti: - zavodi za prestajanje kazni zapora (ZPKZ) z vsemi njihovimi oddelki in Prevzgojni dom Radeče, - vzgojno-izobraževalni zavodi (VIZ), - nekateri socialnovarstveni zavodi – domovi starejših (SVZ) in posebni SVZ, - psihiatrične bolnišnice (PB), - prostori za policijsko pridržanje oziroma zadržanje na policijskih postajah (PP) in Center za pridržanje Ljubljana, - Center za tujce in Azilni dom, - prostori za pridržanje v Slovenski vojski in - vsi drugi kraji v smislu 4. člena Opcijskega protokola (npr. policijska intervencijska vozila ipd.). Official places of deprivation of liberty in the Republic of Slovenia include in particular: - prisons and all their units and Radeče Juvenile Correctional Facility, - educational institutions, - certain social care institutions – retirement homes and special social care institutions, - psychiatric hospitals, - detention rooms at police stations and Ljubljana Police Detention Centre, - the Aliens Centre and the Asylum Centre, - detention rooms operated by the Slovenian Armed Forces, - all other locations as per Article 4 of the Optional Protocol (for example, police intervention vehicles, etc.). Varuh v svoji vlogi DPM vključuje strokovnjake s čim širšim naborom priporočenih specialnih znanj. Iz vrst zaposlenih, ki so delali pri Varuhu že pred prevzemom obveznosti iz naslova DPM, je Varuh v skupino vključil psihologinjo, strokovnjaka na področju dela v policiji, nekaj pravnikov, nekdanjo sodnico in antropologinjo. Ker izbrane NVO ne morejo zagotoviti nekaterih drugih ustreznih strokovnjakov in ker med svojimi strokovnjaki tudi Varuh nima osebe z znanjem s področja zdravstvenega varstva, smo nekatere manjkajoče strokovnjake morali izbrati sami. Zato smo v začetku leta 2013 na Varuhovih spletnih straneh in v glasilu Zdravniške zbornice Slovenije – ISIS objavili obvestilo o zbiranju ponudb za uvrstitev na seznam zdravnic/zdravnikov izvedencev, ki bodo Varuhu strokovno pomagali ugotoviti, razjasniti ali presoditi dejstva, ki bi kazala na primere mučenja in druge oblike okrutnega, nečloveškega ali poniževalnega ravnanja ali kaznovanja oziroma Varuha pri njegovih obiskih krajev, kjer je osebam odvzeta prostost, podprli s potrebnim strokovnim znanjem, ki ga Varuh nima, pri njegovih obiskih krajev, kjer je osebam odvzeta prostost. Prejeli smo dve prijavi za sodelovanje, in sicer izr. prof. dr. Petra Preglja, dr. med., spec. psih., ter doc. dr. Milana Popoviča, dr. med., specialista splošne kirurgije. Ker sta obe ponudbi za sodelovanje ustrezali razpisanim zahtevam, smo oba uvrstili na seznam zdravnikov izvedencev in z njima sklenili pogodbo o sodelovanju. Posamezni izvedenec, ki ga s seznama določi Varuh glede na vrsto in kraj posameznega obiska, naloge opravlja po odredbi in navodilih Varuha v sodelovanju z njegovimi strokovnimi sodelavci tako, da sodeluje pri načrtovanem obisku in daje pisne odgovore na Varuhova vprašanja v vlogi DPM ter poda svoje ugotovitve zlasti o ustreznosti zdravstvenega varstva in ravnanja z osebami, ki jim je odvzeta prostost. Na podlagi ponovnega zbiranja ponudb pa smo v letu 2014 za sodelovanje izbrali še doc. dr. Zdenko Čebašek-Travnik, dr. med., spec. psihiatrije (nekdanjo varuhinjo človekovih pravic). Izbrane NVO naloge in pooblastila pri nadzoru opravljajo s svojimi osebami, usposobljenimi za posamezna področja nadzora, kot člani skupine, ki jo določi Varuh za opravljanje nadzora na krajih odvzema prostosti in preverjanje ravnanja z osebami, ki jim je bila odvzeta prostost. Skupina, ki opravlja nadzor, je tako sestavljena iz predstavnikov Varuha in izbranih organizacij, upoštevajoč pri tem program obiskov, ki ga v ta namen sprejme Varuh v sodelovanju z izbranimi organizacijami, po potrebi pa pri tem upošteva tudi druge okoliščine, ki bi zahtevale takojšen obisk. 12 Implementation of Duties and Powers of the National Preventive Mechanism in 2014 poročilo o izvajanju nalog DPM v letu 2014 DržavnI preventivnI mehanizEm po Opcijskem protokolu h Konvenciji OZN proti mučenju in drugim krutim, nečloveškim ali poniževalnim kaznim ali ravnanju As the NPM, the Ombudsman engages experts with the widest range of recommended specialist knowledge. Among the staff already working at the Ombudsman, the Ombudsman selected a group prior to assuming the duties under the NPM which includes a psychologist, an expert in the field of police work, lawyers, a former judge and an anthropologist. Since selected NGOs cannot provide certain other suitable experts and because the Ombudsman does not dispose of an expert in the field of medical care, certain experts had to be engaged externally. At the beginning of 2013, a notification on the call for proposals for enlisting doctors/doctors experts to help the Ombudsman to establish, clarify or evaluate evidence of torture or other forms of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, or to support the Ombudsman during visits to places of deprivation of liberty with suitable expert knowledge which the Ombudsman lacks, was published on the Ombudsman’s website and in the ISIS publication of the Medical Chamber of Slovenia. Two proposals were received, i.e. from Dr Peter Pregelj, specialist - psychiatrist, and Dr Milan Popovič, specialist in general surgery. Since both proposals met the requirements, both doctors were listed as physician experts and agreements on cooperation were concluded with them. An individual expert selected from the list by the Ombudsman as per the type and place of an individual visit performs the tasks according to the orders and instructions of the Ombudsman and in cooperation with the Ombudsman’s expert colleagues by participating in planned visits and providing written replies to the Ombudsman’s questions in the role of the NPM and providing their own findings, particularly on the suitability of medical care and the treatment of people deprived of liberty. On the basis of the call for proposals in 2014, Dr Zdenka Čebašek-Travnik, specialist - psychiatrist (former Human Rights Ombudsman) was selected. The selected NGOs implement their tasks and powers with persons qualified for individual fields of supervision as members in a group appointed by the Ombudsman to implement supervision in places of deprivation of liberty and the examination of treatment of people deprived of liberty. The group implementing supervision is thus composed of the Ombudsman’s representatives and selected organisations who observe the programme of visits adopted by the Ombudsman in cooperation with the selected organisations. If necessary, other circumstances demanding an immediate visit are also taken into account. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE NPM IN 2014 National Preventive Mechanism under the Optional Protocol to the UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 13