2.2 Opcijski protokol h Konvenciji proti mučenju in drugim krutim, nečloveškim ali poniževalnim kaznim ali ravnanju IV. DEL PART IV Državni preventivni mehanizmi National preventive mechanisms 17. člen Article 17 Vsaka država pogodbenica najpozneje leto po začetku veljavnosti tega protokola, njegovi ratifikaciji ali pristopu k njemu vzpostavi, določi ali ustanovi enega ali več neodvisnih državnih preventivnih mehanizmov za preprečevanje mučenja. Mehanizmi, ki so jih vzpostavile decentralizirane enote, se lahko za namene tega protokola določijo za državne preventivne mehanizme, če so v skladu z njegovimi določbami. Each State Party shall maintain, designate or establish, at the latest one year after the entry into force of the present Protocol or of its ratification or accession, one or several independent national preventive mechanisms for the prevention of torture at the domestic level. Mechanisms established by decentralized units may be designated as national preventive mechanisms for the purposes of the present Protocol if they are in conformity with its provisions. 18. člen Article 18 1. Države pogodbenice zagotavljajo neodvisnost delovanja državnih preventivnih mehanizmov in neodvisnost njihovega osebja. 1. The States Parties shall guarantee the functional independence of the national preventive mechanisms as well as the independence of their personnel. 2. Države pogodbenice ukrenejo vse potrebno, da zagotovijo, da so strokovnjaki državnega preventivnega mehanizma ustrezno usposobljeni in imajo strokovno znanje. Prizadevajo si za uravnoteženo zastopanost spolov in ustrezno zastopanost etničnih skupin in manjšin v državi. 2. The States Parties shall take the necessary measures to ens ure that the experts of the national preventive mechanism have the required capabilities and professional knowledge. They shall strive for a gender balance and the adequate representation of ethnic and minority groups in the country. 3. Države pogodbenice se zavezujejo, da bodo dale na voljo potrebna sredstva za delovanje državnih preventivnih mehanizmov. 3. The States Parties undertake to make available the necessary resources for the functioning of the national preventive mechanisms. 4. Pri vzpostavitvi državnih preventivnih mehanizmov države pogodbenice ustrezno upoštevajo načela glede statusa in delovanja nacionalnih institucij za spodbujanje in varstvo človekovih pravic. 4. When establishing national preventive mechanisms, States Parties shall give due consideration to the Principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights. 19. člen Article 19 Državni preventivni mehanizmi imajo vsaj naslednja pooblastila, da: a) na krajih odvzema prostosti, kot so opredeljeni v 4. členu, redno preverjajo ravnanje z osebami, ki jim je bila odvzeta prostost, da bi okrepili njihovo varstvo pred mučenjem, in drugimi oblikami okrutnega, nečloveškega ali poniževalnega ravnanja ali kaznovanja, če je potrebno; b) ob upoštevanju ustreznih norm Združenih narodov dajejo priporočila ustreznim organom, da bi izboljšali razmere in ravnanje z osebami, ki jim je bila odvzeta prostost, in preprečili mučenje in druge oblike okrutnega, nečloveškega, poniževalnega ravnanja ali kaznovanja; c) predložijo predloge in pripombe k veljavnim ali predlaganim zakonom. The national preventive mechanisms shall be granted at a minimum the power: (a) To regularly examine the treatment of the persons deprived of their liberty in places of detention as defined in article 4, with a view to strengthening, if necessary, their protection against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; (b) To make recommendations to the relevant authorities with the aim of improving the treatment and the conditions of the persons deprived of their liberty and to prevent torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, taking into consideration the relevant norms of the United Nations; (c) To submit proposals and observations concerning existing or draft legislation. 20. člen Da bi državni preventivni mehanizmi lahko izpolnili svoje naloge in pooblastila, se države pogodbenice tega protokola zavezujejo, da jim bodo zagotovile: a) dostop do vseh informacij o številu oseb, ki jim je bila odvzeta prostost, na krajih odvzema prostosti, kot so opredeljeni v 4. členu, in o številu krajev in njihovi lokaciji; b) dostop do vseh informacij o ravnanju s temi osebami in njihovih pogojih odvzema prostosti; c) dostop do vseh krajev odvzema prostosti ter njihovih objektov in opreme; d) možnost zaupnih pogovorov z osebami, ki jim je bila odvzeta prostost, brez prič, osebno ali s prevajalcem, če se zdi potrebno, in s katero koli osebo, za katero državni preventivni mehanizem meni, da lahko priskrbi ustrezne informacije; e) svobodno izbiro krajev, ki jih želijo obiskati, in oseb, s katerimi želijo govoriti; f) pravico do stikov s pododborom za preprečevanje, pošiljanja informacij pododboru in do srečanj z njim. 216 2.2 Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment poročilo o izvajanju nalog DPM v letu 2014 DržavnI preventivnI mehanizEm po Opcijskem protokolu h Konvenciji OZN proti mučenju in drugim krutim, nečloveškim ali poniževalnim kaznim ali ravnanju Article 20 In order to enable the national preventive mechanisms to fulfil their mandate, the States Parties to the present Protocol undertake to grant them: (a) Access to all information concerning the number of persons deprived of their liberty in places of detention as defined in article 4, as well as the number of places and their location; (b) Access to all information referring to the treatment of those persons as well as their conditions of detention; (c) Access to all places of detention and their installations and facilities; (d) The opportunity to have private interviews with the persons deprived of their liberty without witnesses, either personally or with a translator if deemed necessary, as well as with any other person who the national preventive mechanism believes may supply relevant information; (e) The liberty to choose the places they want to visit and the persons they want to interview; (f) The right to have contacts with the Subcommittee on Prevention, to send it information and to meet with it. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE NPM IN 2014 National Preventive Mechanism under the Optional Protocol to the UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 217