Activities Related to Threats Posed by Criminal Activity Trafficking in Human Beings and Migration-related Crime Human trafficking is still largely overlooked in situations of crisis-driven migration. In the broader context of the current migration and refugee flows, many individuals fleeing from crisis may fall victim to trafficking syndicates operating along established migration routes. Since the break-out of the crisis, the OSR/CTHB has strived to call attention to the link between migration and exploitation of human life through a sequence of strategic initiatives aimed at helping design comprehensive and human-rights centred responses. In 2016, the Special Representative (SR/CTHB) carried out a number of official visits to witness first-hand the progress made by relevant authorities in identifying potential victims of trafficking in human beings (THB) among mixed flows of migrants and refugees. These fact-finding visits were critical in discussions on how best to support law enforcement agencies and first responders in identifying victims of trafficking, its perpetrators, and informing future tailored-made policy recommendations, capacity-building and awareness raising initiatives. The SR/CTHB visited the Nizip 1-2 Temporary Protection Centres in Gaziantep, Turkey, on 12 May and, together with the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, she visited the First Reception Centre in Lampedusa, Italy and the Reception Centre for Asylum-Seekers in Catania, Italy, from 20 to 22 June. SR/CHTB also visited a transit Facility in Busmantzi, Bulgaria, on 29 June. From 14 to 18 November, more than 55 law enforcement officials, prosecutors, labour inspectors, financial investigators and civil society representatives from countries of origin, destination and transit along migration routes participated in the OSCE’s first live simulation exercise. Focusing on trafficking for sexual and labour exploitation, the exercise also included a simulation of financial investigation cases, a key element in dismantling complex criminal organizations. A key objective of this pioneering training exercise was to enhance criminal justice responses against human traffickers operating along migration routes. On 9 and 10 February, in Warsaw, the OSR-CTHB contributed to a FRONTEX-led initiative to develop a train-the-trainers programme on countering trafficking in human beings, which was implemented in Lyon, France in co-operation with representatives from the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and UNODC. From 30 May to 2 June, the OSR/CTHB took part in the NATO seminar “Combating Trafficking in Human Beings Course” OSR/CTHB – Police-Related Activities 2016   Information Exchange / Institution and Capacity-Building Total  Analysis of Lessons Learned, Assessments and Guidelines Training  ACTIVITIES ON: General Police Development and Reform 0% Threats posed by Criminal Activity 100% 38