CAT/C/PER/CO/5-6 under national law. The Committee is concerned that while charges were raised in the case of Mr. Gerson Falla, who died in custody 48 hours after being beaten in detention, no conviction has been pronounced and no one held responsible. The Committee is also concerned that the fundamental legal safeguards for persons detained by police are not always respected and regrets the absence of a specific registry for cases of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and punishment. The Committee is further concerned at reports about violence by law enforcement personnel in the context of apprehension. There seems to be no regular assessments of cases of torture allegations based on The Manual on Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (the Istanbul Protocol) of detained persons (arts. 2, 10, 12, 13 and 14). The State party should take effective measures to: (a) Conduct prompt, impartial and effective investigations of all reports of torture and ill-treatment, bring perpetrators to justice and punish them with appropriate penalties; (b) Ensure that persons deprived of their liberty enjoy fundamental legal safeguards from the very outset of their detention and have recourse to an independent complaints procedure; (c) Ensure that law enforcement personnel are trained in professional techniques which minimize any risk of harm to apprehended persons; (d) Establish a specific registry for cases of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and punishment; (e) Ensure that the Istanbul Protocol is made a mandatory part of the training for all medical professionals involved in the documentation and investigation of allegations of torture and ill-treatment in order to permit proper diagnosing of signs of torture. Pretrial detention 9. The Committee is concerned that some 60 per cent of all detainees are in pretrial detention some of which may last up to 36 months, which contributes to the overcrowding in detention centres throughout the country (arts. 2, 11 and 16). The State party should take prompt steps to restrict the use of pretrial detention as well as its duration, using alternative measures to imprisonment in line with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (The Tokyo Rules). Conditions of detention 10. The Committee is concerned at information about the conditions in detention centres including overcrowding at 114 per cent, deteriorated infrastructure, including food and temperature, poor sanitary conditions and only 54 doctors to cover the entire prison population. In particular, the Committee expresses concern at the conditions in the highsecurity prison at the Callao naval base with prolonged solitary confinement, sensory isolation, prohibition to communicate and half-hour family visits once a month, and at the conditions in the Challapalca and Yanamayo detention centres (arts. 2, 11 and 16). The State party should: (a) Take immediate steps to reduce overcrowding in places of detention, including by the application of alternatives to imprisonment; 3