to an independent external authority. The juveniles concerned should always be provided with appropriate human contact and beneft from daily visits by a member of the health-care staf. Likewise, the placement of a violent and/ or agitated juvenile in a calming-down room should be a highly exceptional measure. Any such measure should not last for more than a few hours and should never be used as an informal punishment. Mechanical restraint should never be used in this context. Every placement of a juvenile in a calming-down room should be immediately brought to the attention of a doctor in order to allow him/her to look after the health-care needs of the juvenile concerned. In addition, every such placement should be recorded in a central register as well as in the juvenile’s individual fle. h. Information on rights 130. Upon admission, all juveniles should be given a copy of the rules governing everyday life in the institution and a written description of their rights and obligations in a language and manner they can understand. Juveniles should also be given information on how to lodge a complaint, including the contact details of the authorities competent to receive complaints, as well as the addresses of any services which provide legal assistance. For those juveniles who are illiterate or who cannot understand the language in the written form, the above-mentioned information should be conveyed in a manner enabling full comprehension. i. Complaints and inspection procedures 131. Efective complaints and inspection procedures are basic safeguards against ill-treatment in all places of detention, including detention centres for juveniles. Juveniles (as well as their parents or legal representatives) should have avenues of complaint open to them within the establishments’ administrative system and should be entitled to address complaints – on a confdential basis – to an independent authority. Complaints procedures should be simple, efective and child-friendly, particularly regarding the language used. Juveniles (as well as their parents or legal representatives) should be entitled to seek legal advice about complaints and to beneft from free legal assistance when the interests of justice so require. 132. The CPT also attaches particular importance to regular visits to all detention centres for juveniles by an independent body, such as a visiting committee, a judge, the children’s Ombudsman or the National Preventive Mechanism (established under the Optional Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Torture – OPCAT) with authority to receive – and, if necessary, take action on – juveniles’ complaints or complaints brought by their parents or legal representatives, to inspect the accommodation and facilities and to assess whether these establishments are operating in accordance with the requirements of national law and relevant international standards. Members of the inspection body should be proactive and enter into direct contact with juveniles, including by interviewing inmates in private. Juveniles deprived of their liberty under criminal legislation ► Page 57