National Preventive Mechanism Sixth Annual Report 2014–15 It was striking to find that reintegration planning for isolated prisoners was ad hoc at best in the examples reviewed by NPM members. NPM members will continue to scrutinise these practices, and there will be further thematic work to examine segregation practices in Scotland. Children in detention NPM members that monitor places of detention where children are held scrutinise isolation practices as part of their existing monitoring powers, reporting on their findings and raising concerns and making recommendations in their reports. CCE can visit any setting where a child is accommodated or cared for, other than a private dwelling. It considered its conclusions from seven visits to the youth justice secure estate in 2013–14 (its last complete reporting period). Ofsted conducts inspection/regulatory visits of secure children's homes (SCH) and inspections of secure training centres (STC) (with CQC and HMI Prisons). It drew conclusions from a sample of 10 SCH inspection reports and four STC inspection reports, as well as the feedback from four semi-structured interviews with inspectors. CSSIW fed its conclusions from the inspection of a secure residential children’s home into this work. HMI Prisons inspects young offender institutions (YOI) and STCs (the latter with Ofsted). Conclusions from the inspections of one YOI and one STC were included in this review. Background UN human rights bodies consider the imposition of solitary confinement, of any duration, on children to be cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and consistently recommend that children should not be subjected to it.68 In 2006, an independent inquiry headed by Lord Carlile recommended that solitary confinement should never be used as a punishment.69 Where isolation and solitary confinement occur Formal segregation in YOIs in England is governed by the YOI Rules and Prison Service order (PSO) 1700.70 These set out the possibility for a child to be removed from association for ‘good order and discipline’ (GOOD) or ‘in his own interests’ (YOI Rule 49). This should last for no more than three days, unless authorised by the Secretary of State for up to 14 days, which can be renewed. Children can also be confined temporarily for refractory or violent behaviour for up 68 United Nations Committee against Torture, Consideration of the Reports submitted by States Parties under article 19 of the Convention, Concluding observations of the Committee against Torture, Macao Special Administrative Region, CAT/C/ MAC/CO/4, para. 8; UN Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture, Report on the SPT visit to the Republic of Paraguay, CAT/ OP/PRY/1, para. 185; UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States Parties under Art. 44 of the Convention, Concluding observations of the Committee, Denmark, CRC/C/15/Add.151, para. 41; and UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States Parties under Art. 44 of the Convention, Concluding observations of the Committee, El Salvador, CRC/C/15/Add.232, para. 36 (a); United Nations General Assembly, Report of the Special Rapporteur on Torture, A/66/268, 5 August 2011, para77. 69 The Lord Carlile of Berriew QC, An independent inquiry into the use of physical restraint, solitary confinement and forcible strip searching of children in prisons, STCs and local authority SCHs, (2006) The Howard League for Penal Reform. 70 The Young Offender Institution Rules 2000, at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/3371/contents/made; HM Prison Service Prison Service Instruction 1700 Segregation, Special Accommodation and Body Belts at http://www.justice.gov.uk/ downloads/offenders/psipso/psi-17-2006.doc (accessed 14/10/15). 30