Section three The NPM in 2014–15 custody, court custody and immigration Expectations, and drafted new Expectations for the close supervision centres (CSC) system, informed by an analysis of applicable human rights standards. These Expectations were piloted during an inspection of CSCs in March 2015 – HMI Prisons’ first inspection of the system as a whole. They are being revised in light of the inspection and will be published in 2015–16. Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary (England and Wales) (HMIC) conducted a thematic inspection, commissioned by the Home Secretary, focusing on the welfare of vulnerable people in police custody. The scope of this inspection included the decision to arrest, alternatives to arrest considered and/or available, and treatment of detainees before their arrival at the police custody suite. The thematic report, published in March 2015, found that in many instances custody for vulnerable people could have been avoided if alternatives had been explored. The lack of suitable alternative accommodation or health care arrangements led to people with mental health problems and children spending long periods in custody. Police custody provision had a significant role as a function of the health and social care system. The report also found that people from black and minority ethnic groups were overrepresented in the number of people detained.104 The report made several recommendations, and a national group chaired by the Home Office is now overseeing their implementation. HMIC conducted 11 police custody inspections jointly with HMI Prisons during the year. Using the NPM self-assessment, learning from the vulnerability thematic inspection and other sources, HMIC and HMI Prisons identified a number of areas for improvement, which are being developed into a change programme for delivery in the next reporting year. This will take a more robust and effective approach to inspection and OPCAT requirements In 2014–15, HMIC introduced a new approach to its inspections of the police service – 'PEEL' (police effectiveness, efficiency and legitimacy). This programme is being developed to provide a rounded assessment of every aspect of what police forces do, using criteria that allow graded judgments to be made. The PEEL programme could have implications for the way HMIC approaches inspections of custody, and this is being addressed in the scope of the change programme for custody inspection referred to above. The Regulation and Quality Improvement Authority (RQIA) monitored almost 11,000 forms received by health and social care trusts to establish the appropriateness of detention and guardianship orders and treatment plans, advising trusts to address any concerns it identified. Over the year, RQIA noted and informed the trusts of 29 errors/ omissions that led to improper detentions. RQIA conducted 66 primary inspections of mental health and learning disability wards, as part of a planned programme and in response to concerns raised through complaints and whistleblowing. Inspections 104 HM Inspectorate of Constabulary (2015), op. cit. 59