§ 40 Further, it is axiomatic that all juveniles deprived of their liberty should be able to have confidential access to a doctor at any time, regardless of the regime (including disciplinary confinement) to which they may be subjected. Appropriate access to a range of specialist medical care, including dentistry,should also be guaranteed. § 41 The task of the health care service in any place of detention should not be limited to treating sick patients; it should also be entrusted with responsibility for social and preventive medicine. In this connection, the CPT wishes to highlight two aspects of particular concern as regards juveniles deprived of their liberty, namely, inmates' nutrition and the provision of health education. Health care staff should play an active part in monitoring the quality of the food which is being provided to inmates. This is particularly important forjuveniles, who may not have reached their full growth potential. In such cases, the consequences of inadequate nutrition may become evident more rapidly - and be more serious - than for those who have reached full physical maturity. It is also widely recognised that juveniles deprived of their liberty have a tendency to engage in risk-taking behaviour, especially with respect to drugs (including alcohol) and sex. In consequence, the provision of health education relevant to young persons is an important element of a preventive health care programme. Such a programme should, in particular, include the provision of information about the risks of drug abuse and about transmittable diseases. United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty. General Assembly resolution 45/113 Principle 49. Every juvenile shall receive adequate medical care, both preventive and remedial, including dental, ophthalmological and mental health care, as well as pharmaceutical products and special diets as medically indicated. In accordance with the arrangements of the National Preventive Mechanism, the right of the juveniles to medical care in the juvenile detention centres and juvenile shelters visited in 2010 was fully respected. The juveniles had proper medical care. The establishments employed both family physicians and physicians of other specializations. In the centres intended for girls, a gynaecologist was employed. During the individual interviews, most juveniles did not report any reservations and assessed medical care as good. g) Educational and therapeutic interactions Recommendations CM/Rec(2008)11 of the Committee of Ministers to the Member States on the European Rules for juvenile offenders subject to sanctions or measures. Principle 50.1 Juveniles deprived of their liberty shall be guaranteed a variety of meaningful activities and interventions according to an individual overall plan that aims at progression through less restrictive regimes and preparation for release and reintegration into society. These activities and interventions shall foster their physical and mental health, self-respect and sense of responsibility and develop attitudes and skills that will prevent them from re-offending. Principle 77 Regime activities shall aim at education, personal and social development, vocational training, rehabilitation and preparation for release. These may include: a. b. c. d. schooling; vocational training; work and occupational therapy; citizenship training;