7.4. Isolation of children deprived of their liberty in the place of detention or to work. The duration of the safety isolation may not exceed 10 days but may be extended on one occasion. Detainees presenting a danger to themselves or to the others may be placed in a room specially designed for this purpose for no more than six hours, and the necessity of this measure shall be reviewed in every two hours. The medical examination of such detainees is mandatory. Safety isolation results in the serious limitation of the rights of the detainee: he/she may communicate with his/her visitor only in a secure booth or using a safety communication device, may not participate in collective leisure activities, is under permanent supervision, and the scope of his/her personal items may be restricted.115 The fourth option is “placement in a secure cell or unit,” which may be applied after a thorough deliberation of circumstances specified by the law (e.g., previous record, contacts, personal circumstances, behavior) as a consequence of or in order to prevent any action or criminal offence violating the institution’s order and security, or any behavior presenting danger to the life, personal integrity or property of the detainee himself/herself or the others.116 Such detainees may work only in the secure cell or unit, or a place designated by the governor. Placement in a secure cell does not necessarily mean complete isolation, since only two detainees may be placed in such cells.117 Placement in a secure cell or unit may not last longer than three months, but it may be extended.118 The last option is the “long-term special unit,” which may be applied in the case of detainees spending long-term, life sentence, meaning at least 15 years of imprisonment, based on the deliberation of their individual circumstances, when their special treatment and placement is justified for reintegration purposes.119 The limitations of the detainees’ rights, with the exception of receiving visitors, is the same as the general rules of placement in a secure cell.120 In 2016, there was no juvenile convict held in a long-term special unit.121 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 For the detailed rules see Section 146 of the Prison Act and Section 52 of the Prison Rules. See Section 145, Subsection (1), Paragraphs a) and b) of the Prison Act and Section 2, Subsection (2) of the Prison Rules. See Section 2, Subsection (2) of the Prison Rules. See Section 147 of the Prison Act and Section 53 of the Prison Rules. Pursuant to Section 68, Subsection (1) of the Prison Rules, the long-term special unit is a separate part of the penitentiary institution, designed for this purpose, consisting of secure cells and auxiliary facilities. See Section 105 of the Prison Act and Section 68 of the Prison Rules. According to Section 105, Subsection (1) of Act C of 2012 on the Criminal Code (hereinafter the “Criminal Code”), a juvenile offender shall mean any person between the age of twelve and eighteen years at the time of committing a criminal offense. Juveniles may be sentenced to more than 15 years in prison only in exceptional cases. For instance, if a juvenile offender is over the age of sixteen years at the time the crime is committed, he receives a cumulative and merged sentence (Section 123, Subsection (1), Paragraph a) or the Criminal Code), or is held responsible for a violent crime as a repeat offender (Section 123, Subsection (2) of the Criminal Code). 51