127
354.
In the Third IACHR Report on the Human Rights Situation in Paraguay, the
Commission noted that despite the fact that the State had enacted a variety of laws
prohibiting torture, it continues to be a recurring problem, both at prison facilities and at
police stations, with police officers being the main culprits of cases of torture, which are
mostly committed at police stations. 409
355.
Additionally, during its recent mission to Paraguay, the SPT confirmed
that the widespread practice by the police of subjecting detainees to torture and
mistreatment in order to extract confessions or other information pertaining to the alleged
commission of crimes still persists. These acts, for the most part, take place during arrest,
transfer to the police station, or at the police station itself, and are allegedly committed by
uniformed or plainclothes police officers. The SPT reported that methods such as the ‘dry
submarine’ (suffocating by means of a polyethylene bag), forcing detainees to be naked,
blows to the trachea, smacking ears and the back of the neck, beating the soles of feet
410
(falanga or pata pata) and squeezing testicles tightly, are still being used.
356.
The IACHR noted in its Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Mexico
that most cases of torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment take place in the
context of the administration of justice, mainly during the stage of the preliminary
investigation of crimes as a method to obtain confessions from alleged defendants or to
intimidate them, with the culprits of these acts usually being both state and federal judicial
police, the Office of the Public Prosecutor, and members of the armed forces. 411 This
general pattern in Mexico has also been observed in a significant number of hearings, 412
409
IACHR, Third Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Paraguay, Ch. IV, paras 35 and 37.
410
United Nations, CAT/OP/PRY/1, Report on the visit of the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture
and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment to Paraguay, June 7, 2010, paras. 78‐81 and
134‐143. In the same way, the Special Rapporteur on Torture UN reached the conclusion after his mission to
Paraguay that torture is still practiced widely in the first days of custody to obtain confessions. United Nations,
Special Rapporteur on Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Report on the
mission to Paraguay, A/HRC/7/3/Add.3, adopted on October 1, 2007. Ch. III: Situation of the torture and ill‐
treatment, para. 44.
411
IACHR, Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Mexico, Ch. IV, paras. 305‐306.
412
As part of monitoring the human rights situation in Mexico, the IACHR has undertaken several
thematic hearings in which it has continued to receive information concerning the practice of torture for the
purposes of criminal investigation in that State, in this regard, see for example: IACHR, Public hearing: Situation of
Persons in Preventive Detention in México (situación de arraigo), 141º Ordinary Period of Sessions, Participants:
State of Mexico, Center for Justice and International Law (CEJIL), Comisión Méxicana de Defensa y Promoción de
los Derechos Humanos (CMDPDH), Federación Internacional de Derechos Humanos (FIDH), Comisión Ciudadana
de Derechos Humanos del Noroeste, A.C. (CCDH), Comisión de Solidaridad y Defensa de los Derechos Humanos,
A.C. (COSYDDHAC), Litigio Estratégico de Derechos Humanos, Instituto Mexicano de Derechos Humanos y
Democracia (IMDHD), Colectivo de Organizaciones Michoacanas de Derechos Humanos (COMDH), March 29,
2011; IACHR, Public hearing: Torture in Mexico, 127º Ordinary Period of Sessions, Participants: State of Mexico,
Comisión Mexicana de Defensa y Promoción de los Derechos Humanos (CMDPDH), Colectivo contra la Tortura y la
Impunidad, Universidad Iberoamericana, March 6, 2007; and IACHR, Public hearing: Information Related to
Alleged Acts of Torture in Mexico, 116º Ordinary Period of Sessions, Participants: State of Mexico, Comisión
Mexicana de Defensa y Promoción de los Derechos Humanos (CMDPDH), Grupo de Mujeres de San Cristobal de
las Casas (COLEM), Acción de los Cristianos para la Abolición de la Tortura (ACAT), Red de Defensores
Comunitarios de Chiapas, October 18, 2002.
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