CAT/C/LIE/CO/4 Violence against women 20. While taking note with appreciation of the recent amendments to the State party’s criminal and sexual criminal law, as well as the decrease in the incidence of domestic violence, the Committee is concerned that no plan has yet been established in follow-up to the National Action Plan on Violence against Women that was adopted in 2006. It is also concerned that victims of sexual or other forms of gender-based violence may, in practice, be overlooked during the refugee status determination procedures (arts. 2, 3, 12-14 and 16). 21. The State party should take steps to adopt a new plan in follow-up to the National Action Plan on Violence against Women implemented in 2009. It should also ensure that a gender-sensitive approach is applied during the refugee status determination procedure that allows for the identification of victims of sexual or gender-based violence. Trafficking in human beings 22. While noting that trafficking in human beings is a specific offence under the Liechtenstein Criminal Code and appreciating the efforts made by the State party to prevent and combat human trafficking, including the holding since 2006 of the Round Table on Human Rights chaired by the National Police, the Committee is concerned that the vulnerability of asylum-seeking women and girls and female migrants may be overlooked and that they may risk becoming victims of trafficking (arts. 2, 3, 12-14 and 16). 23. The State party should ensure a gender-sensitive asylum procedure that responds to the specific protection needs of women and girls who are or may become victims of trafficking. It should provide training to police and immigration officers on identifying and dealing with victims of trafficking and gender-specific violence. National human rights institution 24. The Committee is concerned at the absence of a national human rights institution in the State party (art. 2). 25. The State party should establish an independent national institution for the promotion and protection of human rights with a broad mandate in full compliance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris Principles). Training 26. The Committee is concerned at the absence of specific training of law enforcement personnel and other public officials involved in work with persons deprived of their liberty, asylum seekers and migrants on the prohibition against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. It is also concerned at the lack of training of medical doctors and other medical personnel on the Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (the Istanbul Protocol) and at the absence of specific methodologies to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of the training provided (art. 10). 27. The State party should ensure that law enforcement personnel and other public officials involved in work with persons deprived of their liberty, asylum seekers and migrants receive training on the prohibition against torture and that the Istanbul Protocol is made an essential part of the training, in particular, for all medical professionals. The State party should develop and implement specific methodologies to assess the effectiveness and impact of such training. 4