CAT/C/NIC/CO/1 page 8 The State party should take the following action: (a) Strengthen appropriate forms of multidisciplinary human rights training, including, in particular, comprehensive information on the prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in professional training programmes for police officers and prison staff; (b) Provide all staff members with appropriate special training in the detection of signs of torture and ill-treatment. The Committee recommends that the Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Istanbul Protocol) should form an integral part of doctors’ training; (c) Devise and apply a method for assessing the effectiveness of training and educational programmes, as well as their impact in reducing the number of cases of torture, violence and ill-treatment; (d) Devise and implement specific training on gender issues and ensure that the staff of juvenile centres receive training. Administration of juvenile justice 24. The Committee is concerned by the inadequacy of the human and financial resources devoted to ensuring the proper administration of juvenile justice, including the appropriate implementation of the Code on Children and Young Persons. The Committee is also concerned by the gaps that exist in the areas of defence and prosecution and in the definition and imposition of non-custodial measures or penalties for persons below the age of 18. The Committee also expresses concern over the lack of special correctional centres for persons below the age of 18 in conflict with the law and the poor detention conditions that currently exist, especially on police premises (art. 16). The Committee recommends that the State party should bring its juvenile justice system fully into line with the Convention and other United Nations standards relating to juvenile justice, including the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules), the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty and the Guidelines for Action on Children in the Criminal Justice System (the Vienna Guidelines), as well as the latest recommendations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (see CRC/C/15/Add.265). In this respect, the Committee recommends that the State party should, in particular: (a) Allocate sufficient resources for appropriately implementing the Code on Children and Young Persons in all departments, especially through the establishment of juvenile courts throughout the country; (b) Adopt all necessary measures to establish separate detention centres for persons below the age of 18;