24 Gender and Security Toolkit have a range of tools at their disposal to exercise oversight over the implementation of NAPs, including plenary debates, committee meetings, hearings, questions to government ministers, officials or experts, and the production and examination of reports. In many countries, parliamentarians are engaged in producing and examining reports on the government’s implementation of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda. In the United Kingdom, the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Women, Peace, and Security was established in 2006, bringing together parliamentarians, policy-makers and civil society and focusing on the UK’s implementation of its Women, Peace and Security commitments. On an annual basis, this group scrutinizes the government’s report on its NAP implementation, thus strengthening parliamentary and public accountability.15 Questions and motions can be effective measures. Parliamentarians use questions to respond to emergencies, current events and emerging priorities. For example, the German Parliament interrogated the German federal government on sexual violence in international missions a few months after Oxfam staff members were found to have sexually exploited victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake. A similar intervention was made in the Netherlands, where in 2016 the House of Representatives tabled a motion during a plenary session asking the Minister of Defence to ensure full-time gender expertise within the Ministry of Defence and its operations, and to facilitate women’s participation in all its sections. Parliaments can also use their budgetary power to oversee government spending for the implementation of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda. In Canada, for example, the parliamentary Standing Committees on Foreign Affairs and International Development and on National Defence meet at least three times a year to examine the spending of governmental departments responsible for the implementation of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda. In 2018 this oversight meant that parliamentarians were able to question the Minister of National Defence. Questions focused on the recruitment of women, the commitments of the Ministry of Defence to peace operations, and its policies on the elimination of harmful and inappropriate sexual behaviour within the military.16