CAT/C/VNM/CO/1 (g) Collect and provide to the Committee comprehensive statistical information at the national level on the number of deaths in custody, disaggregated by place of deprivation of liberty, sex, age, ethnicity or nationality of the deceased and the cause of death, and on the outcomes of investigations of such deaths during the period under review, including any redress provided to relatives. Disproportionate detention of members of religious and ethnic communities 22. The Committee is concerned: (a) At the reported disproportionate number of detentions and the high number of deaths in custody of members of ethnic and religious minorities, in particular those living in remote areas of the country, as a result of torture and ill-treatment in police stations and other places of deprivation of liberty; (b) At the treatment of persons associated with minority religious or ethnic communities and their subsequent suspicious deaths in custody, including: (i) Nguyen Huu Tan, a Buddhist who was detained and whom the police alleged had committed suicide while in custody. No independent investigation of the death was carried out and the detainee’s family was subjected to reprisals from the local police after complaining to the authorities; (ii) Ma Seo Sung, a Hmong Christian who was arrested and detained by the police and allegedly committed suicide by hanging and whose family also received threats of reprisals; (iii) Pastor Ksor Xiem of the Montagnard Evangelical Church, who died of injuries sustained in police custody; (iv) Y Ku Knul, a Montagnard Christian who died while under arrest and whose body showed signs of electric shocks; (c) About the situation of the leaders of the Unified Buddhist Church of Viet Nam, such as Thich Quang Do, who is allegedly under house arrest in a monastery (arts. 1, 2, 11–14 and 16). 23. The State party should: (a) Ensure that the treatment of members of religious and ethnic communities by public officials or other persons acting in an official capacity is not based on discrimination of any kind in contravention of the Convention; (b) Ensure that all alleged cases of torture and ill-treatment by law enforcement officials, deaths in custody and complaints of excessive use of force are promptly, effectively and impartially investigated, that alleged perpetrators are immediately suspended from duty for the duration of the investigation, particularly when there is a risk that they might otherwise be in a position to repeat the alleged acts, and that, if found guilty, the perpetrators are punished with sentences commensurate with the gravity of their crime; (c) Elucidate the deaths in police custody of the Buddhist Nguyen Huu Tan, the Hmong Christian Ma Seo Sung, pastor Ksor Xiem of the Montagnard Evangelical Church and the Montagnard Christian Y Ku Knul and inform the Committee about the outcome; (d) Provide updated information regarding the situation of Thich Quang Do, a leader of the Unified Buddhist Church of Viet Nam. Pretrial detention 24. The Committee is concerned about the frequent and prolonged use of pretrial detention. It is also concerned that while the time limit for temporary pretrial detention of suspects for investigation is not to exceed two months, three months and four months for, respectively, less serious, serious, and very serious and extremely serious offences, these periods can be extended and suspects held in pretrial detention, in particular those accused 7