A/68/44 (a) Establishing rules concerning the length of interrogations, with appropriate sanctions for non-compliance; (b) Improving criminal investigation methods to end practices whereby confession is relied on as the primary and central element of proof in criminal prosecution; (c) Implementing safeguards such as electronic recordings of the entire interrogation process and ensuring that recordings are made available for use in trials; (d) Informing the Committee of the number of confessions made under compulsion, torture or threat, or after prolonged arrest or detention, that were not admitted into evidence based on article 319 (1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Complaint mechanism (12) Notwithstanding the information on the appeal systems established under the Act on Penal Detention Facilities and Treatment of Inmates and Detainees (2007), the Committee remains concerned about the lack of an independent and effective complaint mechanism for receiving and conducting impartial investigations into allegations of torture and ill treatment of persons deprived of their liberty, including those in police custody, and for ensuring that officials found guilty are appropriately punished. The Committee also regrets the absence of information on claims for State compensation or on disciplinary sanctions (arts. 2, 4, 12, 13 and 16). The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (para. 21) that the State party: (a) Consider establishing a specifically dedicated, independent and effective complaints body and ensure prompt, impartial and full investigations into all allegations of torture and ill-treatment committed by public officials, and to prosecute and punish those responsible with penalties taking into account the grave nature of offences; (b) Ensure in practice that complainants are protected against any reprisals as a consequence of their complaint or any evidence given; (c) Compile information, including disaggregated statistics, on the number of complaints filed against public officials on torture and ill-treatment, as well as information about the results of the proceedings, at both the penal and disciplinary levels. Conditions of detention (13) Despite the State party’s efforts to improve the conditions of detention and to increase the capacities of penal institutions, the Committee remains concerned at: (a) Overcrowding in certain facilities, including women’s prisons; (b) Inadequate access to health care and serious shortage of medical staff within detention facilities; (c) The insufficient provision of mental health care in prisons and reports indicating that mentally ill inmates are subjected to extensive use of solitary confinement and subsequent increased risks of suicide attempts; (d) The lack of adequate safeguards and monitoring mechanism on the use of restraining devices such as Type II handcuffs and straitjackets (arts. 11 and 16). GE.13-46043 125