4.12 Programme Office in Nur-Sultan Activities Related to Threats Posed by Criminal Activity Criminal Investigations and Analysis From 15 to 20 April, the Office supported a training seminar on risk analysis and profiling techniques to ensure public safety at transportation facilities. The seminar aimed at building the capacity of 25 transport police officers from across Kazakhstan and instructors from higher education institutions of the MoI. It was co-organized by the Office, the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) at the U.S. Embassy in Nur-Sultan, the MoI, and the Central Asian Regional Information and CARICC. From 14 to 19 September, the Office supported a training seminar on risk analysis and profiling techniques to ensure public safety at transportation facilities. The training seminar aimed at building the capacity of 18 transport police officers from across Kazakhstan and instructors from the Aktobe Law Institute of the country’s MoI. Experts from the Association of Psychologists of Kazakhstan and a national law enforcement expert discussed the history and foundation of risk profiling for individuals, ways to analyse patterns and behaviour of passengers, techniques for interviewing passengers and diffusing potential conflicts involving passengers. From 11 to 13 December, in Karaganda, the Office, in cooperation with the Karaganda Police Academy under the MoI, co-organized a three-day ToT course for law enforcement personnel on risk profiling techniques to enhance security during large-scale events. Some 30 mid-level officers from the Karaganda Police Academy learned about observational psychology during public gatherings. Three national experts focused on topics such as identifying the elements of risk profiles, crowd mentality and psychological and communicational methods of influencing an aggressive crowd. The participants also engaged in exercises designed to improve information exchange within police units, thus increasing team efficiency. Financial Investigations, Anti-Money Laundering and Seizures of Criminal Proceeds On 6 March, the HoO hosted representatives of the TNTD and UNODC Global Programme against Money Laundering (UNODC/GPML) to discuss capacity-building activities to combat the financing of terrorism. The meeting was also attended by some 15 high-level representatives from Kazakhstan’s MoI, the Committee of Financial Monitoring, 130 the GPO, the State Revenue Committee and the Intelligence Service. On 26 and 27 March, the Office supported the participation of two representatives of Kazakhstan’s Supreme Court and GPO in a workshop co-organized by the FATF, the OSCE and MONEYVAL in Strasbourg, France. Event participants discussed the underlying elements for effective investigation and prosecution and explored challenges in the process of financial investigation and asset tracing. The representative of Kazakhstan’s GPO delivered a presentation on the country’s experience in recovering stolen assets and addressing the key challenges in this area. From 11 to 15 June, the Deputy HoO opened a joint OSCE/ UNODC training course aimed at strengthening the capacity of the MoI, the MFA, and the GPO to disrupt the financing of terrorist networks. The training course focused on examining terrorist financial networks, disrupting financial flows, conducting vulnerability and impact analyses and submitting proposals for UN sanctions. On 27 and 28 August, in Almaty, the Office, in partnership with the Financial Monitoring Committee, organized a twoday training seminar on AML/CFT. Some 80 representatives from accounting and auditing entities, casinos and payment organizations learned about money laundering and terrorism financing typologies, best practices in identifying suspicious transactions, and mitigating risks. The training seminar was conducted by representatives from the Financial Monitoring Committee and experts from Austria and the United Kingdom, whose participation was sponsored by the Office. On 14 and 15 September, in Vienna, the Office, in partnership with the TNTD, the UNODC/GPML, and the EAG coorganized a ToT course for seven officials from the National Security Agency and the Committee for Financial Monitoring. The course aimed to build capacity in combating terrorist financing, in line with relevant FATF standards and OSCE commitments. The course was led by international experts and included sessions on the use of financial intelligence, interagency co-operation, international co-operation, the terrorist finance funding cycle, sources of information, and the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. On 17 and 18 September, in Almaty, the Office, in partnership with Kazakhstan’s National Bank and the U. S. Embassy in Nur-Sultan, supported a two-day training seminar on applying a risk-based approach to AML/CFT for some 80 representatives from the National Bank of Kazakhstan, the Financial Monitoring Committee, and second-tier