4.12 Programme Office in Nur-Sultan their families. Special attention was paid to ways of working with civil society and programmes to engage the wives and children of foreign fighters. On 6 and 7 December, the Office, together with the joint UN System and European Union Programme on Preventing Violent Extremism in Prisons, co-organized a seminar on assessing and managing the risks of violent extremist prisoners, including the rehabilitation of returning FTFs. Some 70 participants discussed methods and practices applied in penitentiary systems in the treatment of prisoners convicted of crimes related to violent extremism. Officials from the MoI’ Prison Committee and National Security Committee, as well as representatives of academia and civil society exchanged ideas with experts from Austria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the United Kingdom and the United States. Illicit Drugs and Chemical Precursors From 14 to 18 May, the Office co-organized a training course for law enforcement officials on the latest trends in countering the illegal sale of drugs on the internet. The event was coorganized with the INL of the U.S. Embassy in Kazakhstan and the Law Enforcement Academy under the GPO for some 15 law enforcement officers and instructors from law enforcement educational institutions representing the GPO, CARICC and Anti-Drug Units of the MoI. Participants learned about software for using the “Darknet” and the “Deep Web”, sites for anonymous, sometimes illegal, transactions online. Trafficking in Human Beings & Migrationrelated Crime On 6 and 7 February, the Office facilitated the visit of the OSR/ CTHB who met the Prosecutor General, the Secretary of the Human Rights Commission under the President, as well as representatives of the Foreign Ministry and the Regional Hub to Counter Global Threats under the Law Enforcement Academy, with the Ho= in attendance. During the meetings, the sides discussed the upcoming Central Asian project on “Combating Human Trafficking along Migration Routes”, for which simulation exercises were planned to take place in June 2018. On 5 and 6 March, 25 and 26 April, 11 and 12 June and 24 to 28 September, the Office hosted four meetings co-organized by the OSR/CTHB Office and dedicated to the preparation of a planned live-simulation exercise on combating human trafficking. The representatives of four OSCE field operations, NGOs and state officials from Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan attended the meetings. Some 30 participants discussed the timeline for the development of Russian-language exercise and training components for the 132 CIS region, a project that is designed for approximately 200 civilian experts from Central Asia and other CIS countries involved in different stages of CTHB along migratory trails. The exercise will include representatives of law enforcement, the judiciary and civil society, financial investigators and immigration authorities. On 23 and 24 April, in Vienna, the Office attended and supported the participation of a representative from a national NGO in the 18th Alliance against Trafficking in Persons Conference, which took place under the title “Everyone Has a Role: How to Make a Difference Together”. On 30 and 31 May, the Office, jointly with the MoI and the U.S. Embassy in Nur-Sultan, supported an international roundtable discussion in Shymkent on CTHB. Some 40 officials from departments dealing with combating organized crime, border and migration control, as well as finance of respective government agencies and ministries of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, shared best practices in CTHB. Experts from Belarus and the U.K. border authorities presented best practices from their countries on combating organized crime-related human trafficking. On 22 and 23 November, the Office, in co-operation with the IOM, organized a workshop in Shymkent on combating THB and best practices in border control. The event brought together some 25 representatives of the country’s border service. Participants were introduced to issues related to THB and learned ways to identify and assist victims of human trafficking. Cybercrime From 21 to 25 May, the Office supported a ToT course in Almaty on countering cybercrime for representatives of law enforcement agencies. The event was co-organized with the U.S. Embassy in Nur-Sultan and CARICC. Eighteen officials from the MoI, the GPO and its Law Enforcement Agencies Academy, the Justice Ministry’s Forensic Centre, the Agency for Civil Service Affairs and Anti-corruption, and the State Revenue Committee of the Finance Ministry took part in the Computer and Network Intrusion Course, which was led by experts from the United States. The course provided skills in investigating the computer hardware of both victims and suspects involved in cybercrimes. From 22 to 26 October, the Office concluded a ToT series on countering cybercrime that began in 2016 for representatives of law enforcement agencies in Nur-Sultan. The event was coorganized with the INL of the U.S. Embassy in Nur-Sultan, the Law Enforcement Agencies Academy of the GPO and the L. Gumilev Eurasian National University. Fifteen officials from