-37 rights, support and protection of victims of crime and Directive 2004/80/EC relating to compensation of crime victims. These instruments spell out the following rights: the right to information; the right of access to justice; the right to protection measures, including measures against repeat victimisation; the right to Victim Support Services; as well as the right to compensation.60 3.2.3. Living conditions of prisoners Material detention conditions and, more generally, the quality of life in prison, are important factors to consider when investigating prison violence and its root causes. More specifically, the following factors have been identified as particularly relevant for the prevention of violence: overcrowding/capacity of dormitories; the type of prison regime and activities offered to prisoners; contact with family and the outside world; the relationships between staff and prisoners and staff professionalism and working conditions. 3.2.3.1. Overcrowding and shared accommodation The level of overcrowding in a prison, or in a particular part of it, might be such as constitute inhuman or degrading treatment in itself. Overcrowding, however, also creates a fertile environment for various forms of direct and indirect violence. As acknowledged by the CPT: ‘An overcrowded prison entails cramped and unhygienic accommodation; a constant lack of privacy […]; reduced out-of-cell activities, due to demand outstripping the staff and facilities available; overburdened health-care services; increased tension and hence more violence between prisoners and between prisoners and staff.’61 STANDARDS IN FOCUS In Muršić v Croatia, the ECHR stated that when a detainee has less than 3 square metres of personal space in multi-occupancy 60. E.g. Fair Trials, ‘Rights Behind Bars: Access to Justice for Victims of Violent Crime Suffered in Pre-Trial or Immigration Detention’ (2019); FRA, Victims’ Rights as Standards of Criminal Justice: Justice for Victims of Violent Crime: Part 1 (Publications Office of the European Union 2019). 61. CPT, ‘7th General Report on the CPT’s Activities, 1 January -31 December 1996’ (1997) CPT/Inf (97) 10, § 13. On overcrowding see also the comprehensive research conducted by the FRA: FRA, Detention Conditions, 15ff; and FRA, ‘Detention Conditions Database’ <https://fra.europa.eu/en/databases/criminal-detention/criminal-detention >. Monitoring Prison Violence