CAT/OP/BRA/2/Add.1 services training. It was therefore decided to encourage and finance the establishment and empowerment of state penitentiary schools as centres of excellence for training in penitentiary services in the federal entities. 136. In 2012, agreements were signed with a view to establishing the last four penitentiary schools, in the states of Alagoas, Maranhão, Mato Grosso and Roraima, which means that all the federal entities now have such centres of excellence. Another significant achievement in this area has been the development of a network of penitentiary schools, which has been holding national meetings for such schools since 2011. 137. Moreover, pursuant to Ministry of Justice Ordinance No. 3123 of 3 December 2012, the National Prison Service School, which is part of the federal public administration, was created with the overall aim of encouraging and implementing strategies for basic and inservice training, research, policy development, advanced professional training in prison services, production, and to share information on prison policies. 138. During the first few years of its existence, the National Prison Service School offered 500 places on its specialized course on health care in prisons, which was conducted in collaboration with the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. More than 10,000 places are being offered on another four in-service training courses, in collaboration with the Federal University of Minas Gerais. 139. Brazil is developing a strategy to introduce distance learning in order to provide prison officers throughout the country with training and information in several areas, such as combating corruption in detention facilities. As a result, over the past few years, the Federal Government has provided a total of R$ 720,000 in funding for prison staff training, which has been invested in the states of Goiás, Río de Janeiro, São Paulo and Espírito Santo. 140. With respect to public safety, the Federal Government has introduced a policy of differentiated use of force, as part of the training of federal and state police, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 34/169. The legal basis for this policy is Ordinance No. 4226 of 2010, which was drafted in a participatory and democratic manner. 141. The Federal Government is constantly developing ways of training and raising awareness in police forces regarding the prohibition of torture. Examples are: (a) Staff workshops on human rights. These workshops were held in 2010 in order to motivate and encourage public safety officials to respect human rights and a culture of peace. Each workshop covers the topics “How violence is produced”, “Civic policing: caring for citizens” and “The historical memory of Brazilian public security”. Thirty-five workshops were held, providing training to a total of 2,688 individuals; (b) Workshops on human rights, focusing on the study of and research into civics and public safety (training for trainers). The purpose of this project, which was carried out in 2010 and 2011, was to foster the development of a national culture of human rights, active solidarity and social peace. Workshop topics included “Public safety in contemporary societies”, “Public safety in practice” and “Public safety without public policy/public safety policy”. In 2010 and 2011, 21 workshops were held for a total of 959 individuals; (c) Training course for protectors of human rights defenders. This course, offered in 2010, was aimed at showing public safety officials how to protect natural or legal persons, groups, institutions, organizations or social movements that promote, protect or defend human rights and are linked to the human rights defenders protection programme of the Office of the President of the Republic. This course offered training to 29 military policemen; GE.14-42059 31