CAT/C/PRY/CO/4-6 and on the relevant professional codes of ethics, for police and other law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges, and it should establish, de facto and de jure, effective mechanisms to ensure transparency in the conduct of public officials. The Committee requests the State party to keep it informed of any steps taken and any difficulties encountered in the fight against corruption. The Committee also requests the State party to supply information on the number of State officials, including senior officials, who have been tried and punished for corruption. Non-refoulement 17. The Committee is concerned about the allegations received concerning extraditions carried out by the State party without it having examined the risk of the person extradited being tortured in the receiving country. The Committee is also concerned about the lack of specific training for members of the judiciary regarding the scope of article 3 of the Convention (art. 3). The State party should formulate and adopt legal provisions to incorporate article 3 of the Convention into its domestic law and ensure that the provisions of that article are applied in cases of expulsion, refoulement or extradition of foreign citizens. Under no circumstances should the State party expel, return or extradite a person to another State where there are substantial grounds for believing that he or she would be in certain danger of being subjected to torture or ill-treatment. Impunity for acts of torture and ill-treatment 18. The Committee is concerned about the numerous and consistent allegations of torture and ill-treatment of persons deprived of their liberty, in particular by police officers. The Committee regrets the lack of any consolidated statistics on complaints of torture, investigations and the penalties handed down during the period covered by the State party’s report. The Committee takes note of the statistics provided in the State party’s report concerning disciplinary proceedings against police officers; however, it notes that the statistics do not indicate how many of those cases have been brought to court. The Committee is also concerned that, according to the information provided in the State party’s report, during 2009 there were only nine complaints of torture in the State party’s prisons. The Committee considers that the figures do not tally with the persistent allegations and extensive documentation received from other sources concerning cases of torture and illtreatment of persons deprived of their liberty. The Committee is further concerned by the limited effectiveness of police monitoring and supervision mechanisms and the lack of compensation and rehabilitation services for victims of torture and ill-treatment (arts. 2, 12– 14 and 16). The Committee recommends that the State party should: (a) As a matter of urgency, take immediate and effective measures to prevent acts of torture and ill-treatment, including through the announcement of a policy that would produce measurable results in the eradication of torture and illtreatment by State officials; (b) Adopt appropriate measures to ensure that all complaints of torture and ill-treatment are promptly and impartially investigated by an independent body; (c) Review the efficacy of the internal complaints procedure available to persons deprived of their liberty and consider establishing an independent complaints procedure for all persons deprived of their liberty; 6 GE.11-47781