Countering the Use of the Internet for Terrorist Purposes On 26-27 March 2014, TNTD/ATU, in co-operation with the OSCE Centre in Astana, organized a seminar titled “Countering the Use of the Internet for Terrorist Purposes” in Astana, Kazakhstan. The seminar was attended by 70 local and international experts, including representatives of state agencies and civil society groups. The seminar focused on countering the terrorist use of the Internet, on terrorist threats against critical infrastructure and on better use of public-private partnerships to effectively prevent and combat terrorism. The seminar facilitated a discussion among the participants on promoting a comprehensive understanding of the threat posed by the use of the Internet for terrorist purposes, recognizing interlinks between security and human rights dimensions. In addition, the participants discussed and the way forward for Kazakhstan as regards the possible use of international best practices on the national level. On 29-30 October 2014, TNTD/ATU organized a seminar on several cyber/ICT security challenges, including the abuse of the Internet for terrorist purposes, cybercrime and issues addressed by PC.DEC/1106 on the Initial Set of OSCE Confidence-Building Measures to Reduce the Risk of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies. The event was co-organized with the Law Enforcement University of Mongolia and brought together some 30 participants from various national agencies as well as international experts from France, the United Kingdom and UNODC. The seminar offered participants a platform to take stock of the latest cyber threats and effective responses. A key objective was to identify needs for potential capacity building assistance by the TNTD to interested Mongolian authorities. Travel Documents and Traveller Identification Management On 8-10 April 2014, TNTD/ATU and the OSCE Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan supported the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) with organizing a regional seminar in Tashkent, Uzbekistan titled “Regional Seminar on Machine Readable Travel Documents and Traveler Identification Management”. This event, which focused on Central Asia and neighbouring countries, was the first one of its kind in the region. It gathered 164 experts from 27 countries and examined how to enhance processes and security features associated with modern travel documents to offer better protection against terrorist and criminal use. Specifically, sessions explored best practices and standards for travel documents as well as effective procedures for identifying travellers and related border-security processes. A key objective of the seminar was therefore to underscore the need to take a comprehensive approach towards travel document security – from secure and reliable civil registry systems to integrated border security solutions. In addition, the event offered an opportunity to discuss assistance needs with States and regional organizations and explore ways for consolidating regional co-operation and more effective capacity building assistance. The seminar represents the continuation of OSCE efforts in Central Asia to prevent cross-border movement of terrorists and other criminals using forged or fraudulent travel documents, including by promoting pertinent ICAO standards. On 5-17 May 2014, TNTD/ATU, jointly with the United States European Command (EUCOM), organized two back-to-back advanced training courses in Istanbul on detecting forged travel documents. The training courses offered 40 border control officers an opportunity to deepen their knowledge about the latest forgery methods and ways to detect them, as well as to exchange experiences with colleagues from Turkey and Austria. A key focus of the interactive sessions was on the manufacturing processes of travel documents as well as the growing number of security features of travel documents available. The training was conducted by two trainers from the Austrian Ministry of Interior. On 9–13 September 2014, TNTD/ATU, jointly with EUCOM, organized a one-week study trip for 15 Turkish Border Police officers to Vienna, Austria. The study trip, which included visits 40