A/71/298 in fundamental principles of international human rights law and foremost in the absolute prohibition of torture and ill-treatment. The first step in this process ought to be the convening of a broad public consultation designed to set the parameters for the collaborative development of the protocol by the relevant stakeholders. 102. The model promoted by the protocol must promote effective, ethical and non-coercive interviewing and be centred on the principles of presumption of innocence and the pursuit of truth. By moving away from accusatory, manipulative and confession-driven techniques to an investigative interviewing model, States will enhance not only the human rights compliance of their questioning practices, but also their effectiveness in solving crimes and keeping societies safe. 103. The protocol ought to elaborate on a fundamental set of standards and procedural safeguards designed to protect the physical and mental integrity of all persons during questioning. In this respect, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to consider adopting the elements considered herein (without prejudice to other elements suggested by experts and stakeholders), which should apply, as a matter of law and policy, at a minimum, to all interviews by law enforcement officials and other intelligence, military and administrative bodies with an investigative mandate, as well to those conducted by private contractors and other proxy agents of the State. The protocol should also provide for accountability mechanisms and appropriate remedies for victims. 16-13568 25/25