Activities during the period 1 August 2011 to 31 July 2012 Visits 1. The CPT organised 18 visits totalling 146 days during the twelve-month period covered by this General Report. Ten of the visits (totalling 102 visit days) formed part of the CPT’s annual programmes of periodic visits for 2011 and 2012, and eight (44 days) were ad hoc visits which the Committee considered were required by the circumstances. Details of all these visits (dates and places of deprivation of liberty visited) are provided in Appendix 7. Periodic visits 2. The ten periodic visits were carried out to Andorra, Azerbaijan, Estonia, Italy, Latvia, the Netherlands, Portugal, the Russian Federation, Slovenia and Switzerland. The situation in a range of places of deprivation of liberty was examined in each of these countries. The treatment of persons in police custody was a focus of many of the visits. Further, particular attention was given during certain visits to persons held in high-security prison units (Estonia, Italy, Portugal), life-sentenced prisoners (Azerbaijan, Latvia) and involuntary psychiatric patients, both forensic (Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) and civil (Azerbaijan, Estonia, Portugal, Slovenia). 3. In the course of the periodic visit to the Netherlands, the CPT visited for the first time a place of deprivation of liberty which by virtue of a bilateral international agreement is within the jurisdiction of two States, namely Belgium and the Netherlands. The Committee’s visit to the establishment concerned, Tilburg Prison, was therefore notified simultaneously to the Belgian and Dutch Governments and the visit report has been forwarded to both of these States, so that the authorities of each can reply in respect of the matters for which they are responsible. Ad hoc visits 4. The eight ad hoc visits carried out by the CPT during the period covered by this General Report were to Armenia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Malta, Spain, “the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia”, Turkey and Ukraine. 5. The purpose of the ad hoc visit to Armenia in December 2011 was to review progress in the light of the recommendations contained in the report on the CPT’s periodic visit to the country in 2010, in particular as regards the treatment of persons sentenced to life imprisonment. Conditions of detention of the small number of lifers held in Yerevan-Kentron Prison had been found to be extremely poor in 2010, and the Committee’s delegation returned to the establishment to examine whether the necessary improvements had been made. The delegation also reviewed the situation in the unit for life-sentenced prisoners at Nubarashen Prison, which was accommodating more than 100 such inmates at the time of the visit. 7