8.6 Concerning the principle of prompt investigation of incidents of alleged torture or other ill-treatment, the author refers to the Committee's jurisprudence stating that a delay of 15 months before the initiation of an investigation is unreasonable and contrary to article 12 of the Convention (Qani Halimi-Nedzibi v. Austria, CAT/C/11/D/8/1991). 8.7 Concerning the principle of the impartiality of the judicial authorities, the author states that a body cannot be impartial if it is not sufficiently independent. He refers to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights to define both the impartiality and the independence of a judicial body in accordance with article 6 (1) and 13 of the European Convention on Human Rights and underlines that the authority capable of providing a remedy should be "sufficiently independent" from the alleged responsible author of the violation. 8.8 Concerning the existence of reasonable grounds to believe that an act of torture or other ill-treatment has been committed, the author, again relying on the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, points to "the existence of facts or information which would satisfy an objective observer that the person concerned may have committed the offence". 8.9 Concerning the principle of compensation and rehabilitation for an act of torture or other ill-treatment, the author mentions that an effective remedy entails also the payment of compensation. 8.10 The author stresses that, at the time of his submission, five years had already elapsed since his son's death. He contends that, notwithstanding strong indication that grave police brutality had caused the death of Milan Ristic, the Yugoslav authorities have failed to conduct a prompt, impartial and comprehensive investigation able to lead to the identification and punishment of those responsible, and have thus failed to provide the author with any redress. 8.11 Relying on a significant amount of sources, the author explains that police brutality in Yugoslavia is systematic and considers that public prosecutors are not independent and rarely institute criminal proceedings against police officers accused of violence and/or misconduct towards citizens. In such cases, the action is very often limited to a request for information directed to the police authorities alone and the use of dilatory tactics is common. 8.12 Finally, the author specifically refers to the most recent examination of the periodic report submitted by Yugoslavia to the Committee and the latter's subsequent concluding observations, in which it stated that it was "extremely concerned over the numerous accounts of the use of torture by