3.3 The author’s new application to the Immigration Board, explaining how the contradictions had resulted from misunderstandings with his first counsel and submitting a new medical certificate, was rejected on 1 October 1992, since the Board considered that he had not invoked any new circumstances. arrested by the Revolutionary Guards because he had cooperated with persons suspected to be opponents. Since his first counsel did not gain the author’s confidence, the inconsistencies continued. Only later did the author understand that he should tell the complete story, and he was able to do so once he found counsel who he could trust. 3.4 On 10 August 1995, the author submitted a new application to the Aliens Appeal Board. New evidence was presented, such as a certificate from Mujahedin Sweden that the author had been a Mujahedin activist and medical evidence from the Centre for Torture and Trauma Survivors in Stockholm testifying that the scars and marks on the author’s body are in conformity with his allegations of torture and that the author suffers from posttraumatic stress disorder. The Aliens Appeal Board rejected the application on 25 August 1995, reasoning that the author had to a large extent invoked circumstances that had already been considered. The Board pointed out inconsistencies in the author’s explanations as to how the injuries from torture had been caused. According to the Board, the author’s scars and marks did not show that the author had been tortured in prison. With this decision, counsel argues, all domestic remedies have been exhausted. 4.3 Counsel recalls that the medical findings confirm the author’s story that he had been tortured, but that the Appeal Board, although not denying the existence of the scars, concluded that they were not caused by torture in prison. Counsel points out that the author’s injuries are not of the kind that one could receive in an accident, and is at a loss to understand how the Appeal Board thinks they have been inflicted. Counsel acknowledges that, without a credible eyewitness or a video recording of the torture, it is impossible to establish with full certainty that scars and marks on a person’s body are indeed a result of torture, but argues that the judgement thereof should be entrusted to medical experts, not to persons who have no qualifications to judge medical findings. 4.4 The author claims that there is a real risk that he would be subjected to torture or that his security would be endangered if he were to be returned to his country. He recalls that he had been working for the Mujahedin, the opposition group most hated and feared in Iran. According to reports the mere possession of a Mujahedin leaflet is sufficient reason for arrest and persecution. From 1987 to 1989 he had been leaking classified information to the Mujahedin. Although the authorities suspected this, they did not have enough proof at the time they detained him. However, by the time he left the country, the Revolutionary Guards had searched his home and found all the proof they wanted. If the author is forcibly returned to Iran without passport, he will be arrested to establish his identity and to check his record. Then his political background will be revealed and his life will be in danger. The complaint 4.1 The author’s counsel argues that, given the absolute prohibition to expel a person to a country where he risks being subjected to torture and given that, if the author’s story is true, he will without doubt be subjected to torture upon his return, he should only be returned to Iran if it is beyond reasonable doubt that the author’s claim is false. In this context, counsel explains that the Swedish authorities expect an applicant to give the full story of his claim the day he arrives in Sweden. Counsel states that this demand is not justified for persons who flee persecution, who for years have been living in a climate of distrust. Asylum-seekers, counsel states, behave initially in an irrational and inadequate way, do not trust anybody and are only ready to tell their true and complete story after having been in the country for some time. Counsel therefore considers absurd the Government’s opinion that since the person has had his chance at the beginning, whatever he invokes later on is not trustworthy, and argues that in some cases new statements have to be accepted as trustworthy in spite of the fact that the story was incoherent, inconsistent and contradictory in the beginning. 4.5 In this context, the author claims that a consistent pattern of gross and massive violations of human rights exists in Iran, which according to article 3, paragraph 2, of the Convention should be taken into account by a State party when deciding on expulsion. The author refers to reports by the Special Representative of the Commission on Human Rights, which attest to a continuing violation of all basic human rights. State party’s submission and counsel’s comments 5.1 By submission of 30 May 1996, the State party informs the Committee that, following its request under rule 108, paragraph 9, the Swedish Immigration Board has decided to stay the expulsion order against the author. 4.2 In the instant case, counsel acknowledges that inconsistencies in the author’s story exist. Nevertheless, she points out that in his very first interview with the police he already gave the core of his story, namely, that he was afraid of being 28