field operation also advises on the content of draft laws that have anti-torture aspects, such as a law on the rights and freedoms of suspects and accused currently pending adoption by the Parliament. 2.4.4 South-Eastern Europe OSCE field operations in South-Eastern Europe are generally much larger than those in the regions described above. The area hosts the three largest missions – in Kosovo, Bosnia-Herzegovina and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. The area also hosts more field operations – seven – than any other. In general the field operations have substantial Rule of Law and/or Human Rights departments and staff deployed throughout the respective areas of operation. They thus have greater resources for tackling anti-torture issues and are generally involved in a number of diverse activities in this field, often within the framework of ongoing criminal justice reform. Several of the field operations in the area are involved in monitoring places of deprivation of liberty, either directly or by providing support and assistance in building capacity for NGOs working in this field. In general, the larger resources and greater development of NGOs has led to more specialized detention monitoring. In Albania, for example, the institutions monitored have included psychiatric hospitals and juvenile detention centres, while in Bosnia and Herzegovina they have included social care institutes for juveniles and persons with mental and physical disabilities, as well as psychiatric institutions. This is probably also the result of greater activity in the region by other international organizations, including the ICRC, the Council of Europe, UN agencies and major international NGOs, such as Amnesty International. These provide greater coverage and expertise, creating more opportunities for diversification and specialization in activities. It also appears that a larger number of national organizations specializing in antitorture work here than in other regions. This may partly reflect the legacy of the conflicts in the region, where cases of rape and torture and ill-treatment in mass detention camps were widespread. One of the field operations in the area, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, reported that the multiplicity of local actors had brought negative consequence, as rivalries between NGOs in the context of discussions on the creation of a network to establish a public monitoring mechanism led to the process being stalled. At another field operation, in Kosovo, the focus of anti-torture activities has been on the police, in terms of training, legislative assistance and detention monitoring. The field operation has also supported national NGOs by providing training on detention monitoring. Monitoring activity has led to an initiative supported by the OSCE and other international organizations to build and refurbish holding cells used by the police. 20