A/HRC/25/60/Add.2 information received, from 31 May to 4 June, the police violently dispersed a series of peaceful protests held in Kathmandu, Dang, Kailai and Kanchanpur. The reported protests were organized by freed Kamlari activists to ensure accountability for the killing of a 12year old Kamlari girl in Dang in March 2013. Moreover, Kamlari activists were protesting more generally against the Kamaiya traditional system of bonded labour in place in several parts of Nepal. In the course of the police operations, police officers injured many and sexually assaulted some protestors. The police also detained groups of protestors for several hours. In this context, the Special Rapporteur reminds the Government of Nepal that each Government has the obligation to protect the right to physical and mental integrity of all persons as set forth inter alia in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT). Further, the Special Rapporteur reiterates that principle 4 of the UN Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Officials, provides that, “Law enforcement officials, in carrying out their duty, shall, as far as possible, apply non-violent means before resorting to the use of force and firearms.” Furthermore, Principle 5 provides that, “Whenever the use of force and firearms is unavoidable law enforcement officials shall . . . exercise restraint, . . .act proportion[ally] . . . to the seriousness of the offence, . . . minimize damage and injury, and respect and preserve human life . . . .” Additionally, the Special Rapporteur draws attention to the Agreed Conclusions of the Commission on the Status of Women adopted in March 2013, whose paragraph 23, expresses deep concern about violence against women and girls in public spaces, including sexual harassment, especially when it is being used to intimidate women and girls who are exercising any of their human rights and fundamental freedoms. The Commission urges governments to, inter alia: (x) Prevent, investigate and punish acts of violence against women and girls. Similarly, the Government of Nepal is reminded that articles 1 and 8 of the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women and article 22(2) of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples stipulate that women and indigenous peoples shall not be inflicted with physical, mental or sexual harm or suffering, threats of such acts, coercion and other deprivations of liberty by public authorities or otherwise. The Special Rapporteur requests a response from the Government of Nepal regarding the aforementioned actions by law enforcement against peaceful demonstrators. The Special Rapporteur further request that should the Government’s investigation find the allegations to be correct that any person responsible be held accountable. Nicaragua (a) JAL 26/11/2013 Case No. NIC 2/2013 State reply: 20/01/2014 Alegaciones en relación con la reforma de la Ley contra la violencia hacia las mujeres y de reformas del Código Penal de Nicaragua 113. El Relator agradece al Gobierno de Nicaragua pro su repuesta a la comunicación de fecha 26 de noviembre del 2013. La comunicación se refería a la reforma de la ley en contra de la violencia hacia las mujeres, y la declaración por la Corte Suprema para que la mediación fuera permitida en ciertos casos. El Relator hace referencia al párrafo 18 del Comentario General No. 2 del Comité contra la Tortura que dice claramente que cuando las autoridades estatales, u otras personas actuando en capacidad oficial, conocen o cuentan con elementos razonables para entender que actos de malos tratos o tortura han ocurrido, sea por parte de agentes estatales o no estatales, deben iniciarse inmediatamente y de oficio las acciones para investigar, enjuiciar y castigar a los culpables. La falta de cumplimiento de esta obligación de actuar diligentemente respecto de la prevención, investigación o enjuiciamiento de actos de tortura y malos tratos deriva en la responsabilidad internacional del Estado y sus agentes deben considerarse como autores, cómplices o de otro modo 83