Elections “[The Ministerial Council] recognizes ODIHR’s expertise in assisting the participating States through its election-related activities, including reviewing election legislation and carrying out election observations.” — “Strengthening the Effectiveness of the OSCE”, Brussels, 2006 table media access and biased coverage in favour of one candidate or party, hindered access of domestic and international observers, as well as premeditated fraud during the vote count and tabulation process. tions that address areas where the electoral practices of a particular state should, or could, be improved. Recommendations, however, are not always or everywhere acted upon. In order to enhance the impact of election observation and to ensure that OSCE states implement recommendations, the ODIHR continues to emphasize the need for post-election dialogue and follow-up activities. There are ongoing discussions among OSCE states on possible modalities for periodic follow-up reports examining the state of implementation of ODIHR recommendations. k Formulating supplementary commitments: Follow- ing a review of existing commitments and best practices, the ODIHR circulated an “Explanatory Note on Possible Additional Commitments for Democratic Elections” ahead of the OSCE Ministerial Council in Ljubljana in December 2005. The ODIHR concluded that three basic principles not included in the 1990 Copenhagen Document — transparency, accountability, and public confidence — could serve as the basis for new commitments. However, OSCE states have yet to decide on the adoption of supplementary commitments. A man finds his name on the voters list at a polling station in Dushanbe during Tajikistan’s presidential SARAH CROZIER election, 6 November. k Implementing recommendations: Election observation is not an end in itself. At the conclusion of any observation or assessment mission, the ODIHR provides constructive recommenda- Annual Report  lenges include the need to ensure transparency, accountability, and confidence in electoral processes, as well as universal suffrage rights for both voters and candidates. In this context, the participation of women, the inclusion of national minorities, and access for disabled voters remain issues to be followed and addressed. The right to vote, free from interference and intimidation, is also an issue for certain groups that may be considered more vulnerable, such as the sick and elderly, who may vote at home or in hospital; military conscripts, who may vote in their barracks; internally displaced persons; and persons in pre-trial detention. Low voter turnout, particularly among young voters, is another concern in a number of participating The following are among the principal areas where the conduct of democratic elections requires further attention and improvement: } 10 k Ongoing and emerging challenges: Ongoing chal- Respect for the civil and political rights of candidates and voters; } Access for disabled voters; } Honest counting and tabulation of the votes; } Compilation of accurate voter lists; } Equal opportunities to campaign, free from interference; } Effective complaints and appeals process with an independent judiciary; } Equitable access to the media; } } Unbiased coverage by the media; Overall transparency and accountability that instils public confidence; } Access for international and domestic election observers; } } Participation of women; Development and implementation of new voting technologies in a manner that is both transparent and accountable. } Inclusion of national minorities;

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