FINDINGS OF THE MONITORING BY REGION At the same time, the monitors noted instances of moral pressure on the trial participants in the course of the hearing of the case in 4% of cases (below nationwide average by 2%). In 98% of cases the court treated the parties impartially (matches the nationwide average rate). CULTURE OF CONDUCTING THE TRIAL The monitors evaluated the general status of observance of ethical norms and communication culture both by the court and the trial participants as impeccable in 77% of cases (below nationwide average by 1%). In 95% of cases the court did not allow rudeness, tactlessnes, contempt to the participants of the trial (matches the nationwide average rate), and did not make any discriminatory comments and actions (above nationwide average by 1%). In 92% of cases the judge did not get distracted from the hearing and listened to the parties attentively (above nationwide average by 2%). In 91% of cases the participants of the trial observed ethical norms and due communication culture (below nationwide average by 3%). CULTURE OF CONDUCTING THE TRIAL IN THE CENTRAL REGION 4,1 -5 0 5 REASONABLE TIME According to the assessment of the monitors, the court took efficient actions to encourage the parties to settle in 85% of those cases where it was necessary (33% above the nationwide average rate). This rate strikingly differs from all other regions. The reasons for this need to be investigated further. In 20% of cases the court hearing started on time or with a delay of up to 5 minutes (matches the nationwide average rate). The rates on the general duration of the consideration of cases are also different. On average, there are 10% more court hearings in the central region which lasted from 5 to 30 minutes (67% against 57% all over Ukraine). In case nationwide the duration of each fifth hearing did not exceed 5 minutes, in the central region only each seventh case ended within this timeframe.   64 MONITORING OF ADHERENCE TO FAIR TRIAL STANDARDS IN UKRAINE