GENERAL FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FINDINGS PUBLICITY Mostly, the courts adhere to the principle of publicity (openness). In case you have an ID, it is possible to get inside the court building without any obstacles. As a rule, all the interested persons have free access to the court hearing room. However! every fifth case is considered by judges in their office, even if there is a vacant courtroom; every fifth case is not posted on the information board at the court, and every tenth – on the court’s web-site; in each fifth case the court does not announce the composition of the court, and in each tenth case – the case which is being considered; in every twentieth case considered in an open court hearing, the court judgement is not pronounced publicly. IMPARTIALITY AND EQUALITY In the majority of the cases heard in front of the monitors, the courts demonstrated impartiality and provided for equality of arms. The judges seldom showed disrespect or discrimination. As a rule, the courts heard out the opinion of the participants of the trial when it was provided for by procedural law; they paid sufficient attention to the arguments or applications of the participants of the case; they treated both parties equally; they did not constrain the right of the parties to participate in the court debate. 82 However! In cases with participation of the representatives of national minorities, the instances of discrimination by the courts were observed more often. MONITORING OF ADHERENCE TO FAIR TRIAL STANDARDS IN UKRAINE