CAT/C/41/D/306/2006
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cannot be considered to be in danger of being subjected to torture in his or her specific
circumstances.
8.3 The Committee recalls its General Comment No.1 on article 3, which states that the
Committee is obliged to assess whether there are substantial grounds for believing that the
complainant would be in danger of being subjected to torture were he/she to be expelled, returned or
extradited, and that the risk of torture must be assessed on grounds that go beyond mere theory or
suspicion. While the risk does not have to meet the test of being highly probable, it must be
personal and present. In this regard, in previous decisions, the Committee has determined that the
risk of torture must be foreseeable, real and personal8. The Committee also recalls from General
Comment No.1 that considerable weight will be given, to exercising the Committee’s jurisdiction
pursuant to article 3 of the Convention, to findings of fact that are made by organs of the State party
concerned; but that the Committee is not bound by such findings and instead has the power,
provided by article 22, paragraph 4, of the Convention, of free assessment of the facts based upon
the full set of circumstances in every case.
8.4 The Committee notes that in its arguments against the claims advanced, the State party makes
reference to information presented in a report, dated 19 March 2007, provided to it by the Swedish
Embassy in Ankara, following an investigation by a person whose name has not been reveal by the
State party. It also notes that this investigation took place after the termination of domestic
proceedings and that the author has not had an opportunity either to contest the information provided
therein or to challenge the investigator whose name has not been revealed before the domestic
authorities. For these reasons, the Committee considers that the State party should not have relied
upon this information in considering whether there is a real and personal risk of torture for the
complainants, and indeed the Committee itself does not intend to take the contents of this report into
account in its consideration of this communication.
8.5 The Committee notes the claim that there is a risk that E. J. would be tortured or ill-treated if
deported to Azerbaijan, because of his past political activities, and the claim that he was previously
subjected to torture and ill-treatment. On the latter issue, the Committee notes that the complainants
have failed to adduce any evidence that E. J. was subjected to torture or ill-treatment in Azerbaijan
and also notes their sole response to the State party’s argument on this point that the Committee
should be forward looking in assessing whether there is a current risk of torture or ill-treatment.
8.6 As to E. J.’s alleged involvement in political activities, the Committee notes that although he
was a member of the ADP, it does not appear that he was in a leading position, and thus would not
attract the particular interest of the Azerbaijani authorities if returned. Nor is there any evidence that
he has been involved, while in Sweden, in any activity which would attract the interest of the same
authorities four years after he left Azerbaijan. In this regard, the Committee also notes that the
activities in which he was alleged to have been involved took place between January 2001 and May
2004 – more than four years ago. It notes further that a number of persons defined by the CoE as
8
Communication No. 296/2006, E. V. I. v. Sweden, Views adopted on 1 May 2007; Communication
No. 270 and 271/2005, E. R. K. and Y. K. v. Sweden, Views adopted on 30 April 2007.