UNDP-OHCHR TOOLKIT The process, in a simplified form, may be characterised as follows: FIGURE 3: SIMPLIFIED COUNTRY PROGRAMMING CYCLE COUNTRY ASSESSMENT UNDAF DEVELOPMENT 6.3 Common Country Assessment Establishing strategic priorities may be done through a government-led process in which the UNCT participates. Alternatively, the UNCT can undertake a parallel analysis with the government, with the UNCT filling any gaps in the government process. The UNCT can undertake the full CCA analysis2, but this only occurs when the government has no process of its own, or when the process is seriously flawed. In any case, the Guidelines indicate that UNCT engagement in the country analysis is mandatory.3 According to the Guidelines, a high quality country assessment will have used a HRBA and asked the following questions: 1. What is happening, where and who is more affected? (assessment) COUNTRY PROGRAMME DESIGN 2. Why are these problems occurring? (causal analysis) Monitor and Evaluate INDIVIDUAL PROJECT DESIGN INDIVIDUAL PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION 3. Who has the obligation to do something about it? (role analysis) 4. What capacities are needed for those affected, and those with a duty, to take action? (capacity analysis)4 For further detail on what is involved in the assessment process from the UNCT perspective, please refer to the CCA/UNDAF Guidelines (http://www.undg.org). 6.3.1 NHRI Participation in the CCA Each step informs the subsequent ones, so that activities undertaken in projects, for example, must flow from and be consistent with the country programme, which in turn must comply with the UNDAF. Everything must derive from a strategic analysis of what is possible and desirable in the country context keeping in mind the comparative advantage and value of the UN, as well as a human rights-based approach to development programming. Page 7 of the Guidelines. 2 Page 8 of the Guidelines. 3 Page 18 of the Guidelines. 4 108 The CCA is meant to identify national development priorities, and it is therefore developed in close consultation with national authorities and stakeholders. NHRIs are among those stakeholders, bringing unique insights, perspectives and experiences to the analysis as partners in the CCA process. Where the NHRI has conducted its own strategic planning, the situational analysis contained in it, as well as decisions on priority areas of activity, should inform the work of UNCTs. If the process was carried out properly (see the section in Chapter 8 dealing with strategic planning), it will reflect the input of human rights stakeholders and thus provide a valuable source of information. If the NHRI has not undertaken its own planning, UNCTs should