Effective mechanisms shall be established to ensure internal discipline and external control as well as the effective supervision of law enforcement officials Law enforcement officials who have reason to believe that a violation has occurred, or is about to occur, shall report the matter Provisions shall be made for the receipt and processing of complaints against law enforcement officials made by members of the public, and the existence of those provisions shall be publicized Investigations of violations shall be prompt, competent, thorough and impartial Investigations shall seek to identify victims; recover and preserve evidence; discover witnesses; discover cause, manner, location and time of the violation; and identify and apprehend perpetrators Crime scenes shall be carefully processed Superior officers shall be held responsible for abuses if they knew, or should have known, of their occurrence, and did not take action Police are to receive immunity from prosecution or discipline for refusing unlawful superior orders Obedience to superior orders shall not be a defence for violations committed by police 60