A/69/44 insanitary conditions which reportedly have caused several deaths. It also regrets that the State party has not made sufficient use of non-custodial measures to ease overcrowding in prisons. The Committee is also concerned that there is no effective system for separating inmates by category (arts. 2, 11 to 14 and 16). The State party should step up its efforts to improve prison conditions in line with international standards and with the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners. It should inter alia: (a) Significantly reduce prison overcrowding, in particular in the prisons of Bobo-Dioulasso, Fada N’gourma, Ouagadougou and Tenkodogo, by making greater use of non-custodial measures, in the light of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (the Tokyo Rules); (b) Ensure that prisoners have access to health care, a proper and varied diet and hygienic conditions; (c) Ensure that young prisoners are kept separate from adults, untried prisoners from convicts and women from men; (d) Establish an effective, independent and confidential mechanism for lodging complaints about conditions of detention, including any ill-treatment, and ensure that thorough, impartial and independent investigations are conducted into any and all complaints; (e) Strengthen judicial supervision of prison conditions; and (f) Guarantee that the National Human Rights Commission, nongovernmental organizations and the future mechanism for the prevention of torture have unhindered access to all places of detention through, in particular, unannounced visits and the ability to speak with prisoners in private. Orders from a superior officer (20) While taking note of Decree No. 2004-077/SECU/CAB of 27 December 2004 on the code of conduct of the national police force, which stipulates that subordinates must comply with instructions from their superiors except where an order is manifestly unlawful and would seriously jeopardize the public interest, the Committee remains concerned that these provisions only apply to the national police and do not offer subordinates who refuse to obey such an order protection against retaliation by superior officers (art. 2). The State party should guarantee for all law enforcement officers the right, both in law and in practice, as subordinates to refuse to execute an order from their superior officers that would result in a contravention of the Convention. The State party should develop a mechanism to protect from reprisals subordinates who refuse to obey orders from a superior officer if they would result in a contravention of the Convention. Customary practices that are harmful to women and violence against women (21) The Committee takes note of the increased efforts made by the State party to combat female genital mutilation. However, it remains concerned that neither this practice, nor other discriminatory practices that are harmful to women, such as forced and early marriages and levirate and sororate marriages, have stopped. The Committee also remains concerned by reports that some elderly women have been accused of witchcraft and thus subjected to physical and verbal violence and rejected by their community, and are now housed in shelters (arts. 2, 12 to 14 and 16). The State party should intensify its efforts to combat customary practices that are harmful to women, including female genital mutilation and forced marriage, inter alia by stepping up campaigns to alert the public to the harmful effects of certain customs GE.14-12596 31