CAT/C/ROU/CO/2 preventive mechanism to take advantage of the experience of civil society organizations in this field. Juveniles 17. While noting that amendments to the Criminal Code have abolished the penalty of imprisonment for minors, the Committee is concerned that numerous children continue to be held in detention centres with prison-like conditions. It is also concerned that children are often questioned by law enforcement officials in police stations without the presence of their lawyers or legal representatives (art. 2). The State party should bring the functioning of institutions dealing with minors into compliance with national legislation abolishing the penalty of imprisonment for minors and develop a system of juvenile justice that guarantees international standards, including the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules), the United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (the Riyadh Guidelines), the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty and the Guidelines for Action on Children in the Criminal Justice System. Children questioned by law enforcement officials should be afforded fundamental legal safeguards. Training 18. While taking note of the training provided to public officials involved in custody transfer and public order, the Committee is concerned at the absence of specific methodologies to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of such training as regards torture and ill-treatment. It is also concerned that training on the Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (the Istanbul Protocol) is not provided systematically to all officials who document and investigate cases of torture (art. 10). The State party should: (a) Further develop and strengthen training programmes to ensure that all public officials, including law enforcement, prison and immigration officers, as well as judicial staff, are aware of the provisions of the Convention; (b) Systematically provide training on the Istanbul Protocol for medical personnel and other officials involved in documenting and investigating cases of torture; (c) Develop methodologies to assess the effectiveness and impact of training programmes on the prevention and absolute prohibition of torture and ill-treatment. Redress, including compensation and rehabilitation 19. The Committee takes note that the State party is transposing, into its national legislation, Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of Europe establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime. Given the magnitude of the acts committed, it is concerned at the slowness of the proceedings and the meagre results so far of the investigations conducted by the Institute for the Investigation of Communist Crimes and the Memory of the Romanian Exile, which have identified 35 persons who held management positions and are suspected of having committed political crimes during the communist regime and to which there appears to be no follow-up regarding the identification of victims and the provision of redress (art. 14). 9