the UK. In designating existing bodies as members of the NPM, the government explicitly required that they have a statutory basis and be able to make unannounced visits to places of detention. The government concluded that 18 bodies operating in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland met those requirements, and they were formally designated in a statement to Parliament on 31 March 2009. During 2012–13, the members of the NPM were: England and Wales Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Prisons (HMIP) Independent Monitoring Boards (IMB) Independent Custody Visiting Association (ICVA)2 Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC) Care Quality Commission (CQC) Healthcare Inspectorate Wales (HIW) Office of the Children’s Commissioner for England (OCC) Care and Social Services Inspectorate Wales (CSSIW) Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills (Ofsted) Scotland Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Prisons for Scotland (HMIPS) Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary for Scotland (HMICS) Scottish Human Rights Commission (SHRC) Mental Welfare Commission for Scotland (MWCS) Care Inspectorate (CI)3 Northern Ireland Independent Monitoring Boards (Northern Ireland) (IMBNI) Criminal Justice Inspection Northern Ireland (CJINI) Regulation and Quality Improvement Authority (RQIA) Northern Ireland Policing Board Independent Custody Visiting Scheme (NIPBICVS) The bodies which make up the UK NPM monitor different types of detention across the jurisdictions, including prisons, police custody, court custody, customs custody facilities, secure accommodation for children, immigration facilities, mental health and military detention, as follows: 2 Although the ICVA is listed as an organisation operating in England and Wales, its membership includes independent custody visitors who operate in Scotland (ICVS). It is anticipated that ICVS will be formally designated as a distinct member of the NPM in 2013. 3 The Care Inspectorate’s detention monitoring role was formerly the function of the Scottish Commission for the Regulation of Care, or Care Commission. In April 2011, the Care Commission, the Social Work Inspection Agency and Directorate 6 of HM Inspectorate of Education became Social Care and Social Work Inspection Scotland (known as the ‘Care Inspectorate’). It is anticipated that the Care Inspectorate will be formally designated as a member of the NPM in place of the Care Commission. 10