CCPR/C/123/D/2767/2016 future and ensure that all journalists and human rights defenders are able to exercise their right to freedom of expression in their activities, including by decriminalizing the offences of defamation and calumny in all the federated states. 31 12. Bearing in mind that, by becoming a party to the Optional Protocol, the State party has recognized the competence of the Committee to determine whether or not there has been a violation of the Covenant and that, pursuant to article 2 of the Covenant, the State party has undertaken to ensure for all individuals within its territory or subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in the Covenant and to provide an effective and enforceable remedy when a violation has been established, the Committee wishes to receive from the State party, within 180 days, information concerning the measures taken to give effect to the present Views. The State party is also requested to publish the Committee’s Views and to have them widely disseminated. 31 14 See CCPR/C/MEX/CO/5, para. 20. GE.18-14178