Trial Monitoring: A Reference Manual for Practitioners This part of the manual covers most aspects of trial-monitoring methodology, which are also applicable to the other types of monitoring programmes covered in Parts IV and V. Part IV is devoted to thematic trial monitoring, to the extent that it differs from systemic monitoring. It refers to the specific themes that have been monitored extensively in the OSCE area, such as war crimes, trafficking in human beings and organized crime cases, investigative proceedings, and civil and administrative proceedings. Finally, Part V discusses the special features and considerations of ad hoc trial monitoring and how it differs from other forms of monitoring. The annexes provide additional information to supplement the text. These include examples, guidelines and practical tools for monitors, such as sample questionnaires. Annex VIII provides summary information on 14 trial-monitoring programmes conducted by OSCE field operations. These may be useful resources in planning future operations, in addition to serving as institutional memory. 13