A/HRC/43/49/Add.1 there is a bill pending adoption in the parliament on the organization of prisons, which prioritizes prisoner rehabilitation and the training of prison officers. 74. All of the above actions are urgently needed, as the detention infrastructure is from colonial times and is in dire need of renovation or replacement. The ceilings are not waterproof, and when it rains water collects on the concrete surface of the sleeping area. There were only improvised electrical installations and almost a complete absence of natural or artificial light. 75. Moroni Prison consists of three pavilions with courtyards (one for women and two for men), each with adjacent communal cells. The pavilion for women was slightly more bearable than those for men due to the fact that it accommodated only three detainees at the time of the visit. The women were detained for non-violent crimes of theft and forgery. One had been awaiting trial for eight months, the other two for over a month. The most distressing condition raised by the female detainees, and imposed on all inmates, is the fact that children are prohibited from visiting the prison because, according to the authorities, the conditions are too disturbing and therefore not a suitable environment for children. 76. The cells were poorly ventilated, dark and extremely damp; the floor and walls were wet and covered with mould. After rainfall, which occurs daily in the wet season, the roof leaked and puddles of stagnant water were everywhere, thus entailing a plague of mosquitoes. There were no beds at all, but some blankets and thin mattresses that had been provided by the families, not by the prison. The National Commission for Human Rights and Freedoms said that it had ordered 95 mattresses but they had not yet arrived. 77. The sanitary conditions were unacceptable. The hygiene level was inhumane. Most notably, piles of garbage were spread throughout the facilities (detainees told the Special Rapporteur that the piles were usually much higher but that some garbage had been removed the day before his visit) and inhabited by rats and insects. The team saw several rats in bright daylight crawling out of holes in the open area used by the inmates to prepare food. During the night, inmates are locked into their communal cells with no access to water or toilets, so they have to use buckets and plastic bottles instead. 78. The sanitary facilities in the outdoor common area were of very poor quality and were not accessible at night. Toilets consisted of broken huts around three holes in the ground, infested with insects and rats, and one had no door. 79. There were no proper showers; detainees had access to a bucket of water that contained a plastic bottle so they could pour water over themselves. All hygiene products, including toilet paper and soap, and medicines and drugs had to be provided by the family as the administration reportedly did not have the necessary budget. 80. Detainees reported limited access to drinkable water and received only one meal a day (500 g of rice and sometimes a small quantity of chicken), which most inmates described as inedible. As a consequence, detainees reportedly rely almost exclusively on supplementary food received during family visits. 81. Family visits for the convicted inmates were three times per week for 10 minutes. Visits to pretrial detainees required the authorization, either temporary or permanent, of a judge. 82. There was no system for detainees to make phone calls to family members. The director of the prison said he permitted detainees to use his mobile phone on Sundays to contact their families. 83. Alternative measures to detention appear to be used only in exceptional cases, even for minor offences. There is a complete absence of the concept of rehabilitation; there are no work opportunities, nor access to education or recreational facilities. The only entertainment was a television in each collective cell, which inmates paid for by selling part of their food rations. 84. While the Special Rapporteur did not hear detainees complain of ill-treatment by prison staff, the observed conditions of detention clearly failed to meet the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules) in various respects, including due to poor sanitation, hygiene and food, insufficient space, a lack of medical care, restricted access to legal counsel and family, and the absence of opportunities for work, education and recreation. In the view of the Special Rapporteur, the 10