special disciplinary boards existed for dealing with complaints against police officers as well as prosecutors and judges and that individuals could in certain cases address their complaint directly to those bodies. He also made mention of the precautionary measures adopted in the investigation of offences against a police officer, namely, that the public prosecutor would not choose close colleagues of the police officer charged to investigate into the matter. 383. In connection with article 16 of the Convention, the representative presented further information on the outcome of a government investigation of psychiatric care. He indicated that the report of the investigation contained proposals to establish a Swedish institute against torture and organized violence, which would be financed by the allotment to it of 1 per cent of Swedish development aid to countries where torture occurred. In addition, the report had described different methods of torture and different methods of treatment and that, once the competent authorities, had studied the report, it was expected that a government bill would be presented. Conclusions and recommendations 384. The Committee expressed its satisfaction that there were no allegations that persons deprived of their liberty had been subjected to ill-treatment amounting to torture nor was there any other evidence that torture had been found in Sweden. 385. Thus, in all respects Sweden met the standards of the Convention. 386. The Committee was pleased to conclude that the legal and administrative regimes described during the consideration of the report of Sweden were models to which most other countries should aspire. China 387. The Committee considered the additional report of China (CAT/C/7/Add.14) at its 143rd and 146th meetings, on 22 and 23 April 1993 (see CAT/C/SR.143/Add.2, 144/Add.2, 145/Add.2 and 146/Add.2 and 4). 388. The report was introduced by the representative of the State party, who stated that China paid great attention, both in its legislative texts and in its judicial practice, to the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens and their democratic rights. The Penal Code explicitly prohibited torture, thus upholding the rights of the person and the inviolability of the dignity of the human person. The Criminal Procedure Law set out in detail the procedure for investigating and punishing offences, including that of torture. Other texts played an important role in preventing and combating torture, in particular by enabling any victims to be compensated. Draft laws on prisons, judges and procurators were under consideration. In addition a national legal training and awareness programme would be renewed for a further five years. The situation in China and the efforts made by the Government must, however, be seen in their historical context: the majority of the legislative efforts aimed at introducing the primacy of law had in fact been undertaken only since 1979. Moreover, since China currently had 1.16 billion inhabitants, the implementation of such legal provisions gave rise to unquestionable difficulties. 389. The competence of procurators extended to offences allegedly committed by State bodies, including law enforcement agencies. With regard to the prohibition of torture, the procurator was empowered to approve, disapprove or revise an order for arrest; he investigated cases, instituted proceedings and visited places of detention. Any allegations of torture or human rights violations were thus referred to him. The number of cases of torture brought -62-

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