Reprisals against the wounded, sick and shipwrecked, medical personnel and services, prisoners of war, civilians, civilian and cultural objects, the natural environment and works containing dangerous forces are prohibited.135 No one may renounce or be forced to renounce protection under humanitarian law.136 Protected persons must at all times have resort to a protecting power (a neutral State safeguarding their interests), the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) or any other impartial humanitarian organization.137 Practice All civilian police officials Undergo training in the requirements of human rights and humanitarian law during armed conflict. Undergo training in first aid, disaster management and civil defence procedures. Learn your agency’s strategies for the maintenance of order and protection of the civilian population during periods of conflict. Cooperate closely with medical services, fire-fighters, civilian authorities and the military. Pay attention to the special needs of particularly vulnerable groups during such periods, including refugees and displaced persons, children and the injured. Civilian police commanders and supervisors Provide training to all officials in the requirements of human rights and humanitarian law during armed conflict. Provide training in first aid, disaster management and civil defence procedures. Develop clear strategies for the maintenance of order and protection of the civilian population during periods of conflict. Develop standard emergency cooperative procedures for coordinated action with medical services, fire-fighters, civilian authorities and the military. Issue clear instructions on the civilian status of the police during armed conflict. Police incorporated in armed forces during conflict Learn and apply the “soldier’s rules”:138 “Be a disciplined soldier. Disobedience of the laws of war dishonours your army and yourself, and causes unnecessary suffering; far from weakening the enemy’s will to fight, it often strengthens it. Fight only enemy combatants and attack only military objectives. Destroy no more than your mission requires. Do not fight enemies who are ‘out of combat’ or who surrender. Disarm them and hand them over to your superior. Collect and care for the wounded and sick, be they friend or foe. Treat all civilians, and all enemies in your power, with humanity. 135 First Geneva Convention, article 46; Second Geneva Convention, article 47; Third Geneva Convention, article 13; Fourth Geneva Convention, article 33; Protocol I, articles 20 and 51-56; Protocol II, articles 13-17. 136 First Geneva Convention, article 7; Second Geneva Convention, article 7; Third Geneva Convention, article 7; Fourth Geneva Convention, article 8; Protocol I, article 1. 137 First Geneva Convention, articles 8, 9 and 10; Second Geneva Convention, articles 8, 9 and 10; Third Geneva Convention, articles 8, 9, 10, 78 and 126; Fourth Geneva Convention, articles 9, 10, 11 and 143; Protocol I, article 81; Protocol II, article 18. 138 Source of the “soldiers rules”: International Committee of the Red Cross (see F. De Mulinen, “The Law of War and the Armed Forces” in the International Review of the Red Cross, January/February 1978 (reproduced by the Henry Dunant Institute as an offprint in its series Ius in Bello, No. 1)). 118

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