Reprisals against the wounded, sick and shipwrecked, medical personnel and services,
prisoners of war, civilians, civilian and cultural objects, the natural environment and
works containing dangerous forces are prohibited.135
No one may renounce or be forced to renounce protection under humanitarian law.136
Protected persons must at all times have resort to a protecting power (a neutral State
safeguarding their interests), the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) or
any other impartial humanitarian organization.137
Practice
All civilian police officials
Undergo training in the requirements of human rights and humanitarian law during
armed conflict.
Undergo training in first aid, disaster management and civil defence procedures.
Learn your agency’s strategies for the maintenance of order and protection of the civilian population during periods of conflict.
Cooperate closely with medical services, fire-fighters, civilian authorities and the
military.
Pay attention to the special needs of particularly vulnerable groups during such periods, including refugees and displaced persons, children and the injured.
Civilian police commanders and supervisors
Provide training to all officials in the requirements of human rights and humanitarian
law during armed conflict.
Provide training in first aid, disaster management and civil defence procedures.
Develop clear strategies for the maintenance of order and protection of the civilian
population during periods of conflict.
Develop standard emergency cooperative procedures for coordinated action with
medical services, fire-fighters, civilian authorities and the military.
Issue clear instructions on the civilian status of the police during armed conflict.
Police incorporated in armed forces during conflict
Learn and apply the “soldier’s rules”:138
“Be a disciplined soldier. Disobedience of the laws of war dishonours your army and
yourself, and causes unnecessary suffering; far from weakening the enemy’s will to
fight, it often strengthens it.
Fight only enemy combatants and attack only military objectives.
Destroy no more than your mission requires.
Do not fight enemies who are ‘out of combat’ or who surrender. Disarm them and
hand them over to your superior.
Collect and care for the wounded and sick, be they friend or foe.
Treat all civilians, and all enemies in your power, with humanity.
135
First Geneva Convention, article 46; Second Geneva Convention, article 47; Third Geneva Convention, article 13; Fourth Geneva Convention, article
33; Protocol I, articles 20 and 51-56; Protocol II, articles 13-17.
136
First Geneva Convention, article 7; Second Geneva Convention, article 7; Third Geneva Convention, article 7; Fourth Geneva Convention, article 8;
Protocol I, article 1.
137
First Geneva Convention, articles 8, 9 and 10; Second Geneva Convention, articles 8, 9 and 10; Third Geneva Convention, articles 8, 9, 10, 78 and
126; Fourth Geneva Convention, articles 9, 10, 11 and 143; Protocol I, article 81; Protocol II, article 18.
138
Source of the “soldiers rules”: International Committee of the Red Cross (see F. De Mulinen, “The Law of War and the Armed Forces” in the International
Review of the Red Cross, January/February 1978 (reproduced by the Henry Dunant Institute as an offprint in its series Ius in Bello, No. 1)).
118
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