-26 Furthermore, there are NPMs who have started to integrate specific tools for identifying the positive aspects in their general working methods. Inspired by the work of the Cambridge criminologist Alison Liebling (see below 3.4), the Portuguese NPM has included this focus in its work in two ways. In a guidance document for conducting general monitoring visits,39 the Portuguese NPM explicitly exhorts monitors to ask also for positive moments and experiences that detainees might have in prison. Furthermore, it uses an adapted version of Liebling’s ‘Measuring the Quality of Prison Life’ questionnaire,40 which contains such a focus, for a more in-depth analysis of prison life. For more information on that see in this series the Handbook on Monitoring Prison Violence. Questions for monitors • • To which extent is the identification of good practice an explicit focus during monitoring visits? Are positive aspects of prison life included in interviews with prisoners? Are positive aspects of prison life included in interviews with prison staff, prison management? How can interviews focusing on positive aspects be strategically used for establishing a constructive dialogue with prison staff, prison management and other authorities? • In which way do visit reports include good practice examples and positive experiences? • Are good practices used for the elaboration of recommendations with a view to strengthening these practices and/or using it in other places? • Are good practices strategically used in devising and carrying out follow-up actions? 39. Provedor de Justiça, Objeto de visitas genéricas a Estabelicimentos Penitenciarios (unpublished document with the authors). 40. Alison Liebling, Prisons and their Moral Performance. A Study of Values, Quality and Prison Life (Oxford University Press 2004).