-33 a window of opportunity has opened up? D stands for clarifying the basic motivations and, in particular, for identifying priority issues to be addressed by the NPM. V - Vision: What is the change we want to see? Very concretely! Vision paints a picture of the situation when the problem has been solved (see principle 1). R - Resources: What are the available resources, strengths, etc. that can be used for achieving this vision? On the one hand, R helps unearth and appreciate the resources and strengths that already exist. On the other hand, R helps identify which further resources are needed to attain the vision (see principle 8). F - First Steps: What are good first steps to take in order to create early success and thus a sense of “feasibility”? F looks at what needs to be done and helps decide on what to do next. E - Energy: The simplicity and no-nonsense quality of this process helps mobilize energy. Its effectiveness is well proven in systemic consulting practice. The Change Formula has proved to be an effective tool60 and can be applied flexibly and strategically: When one of the 4 requirements is missing, the NPM can consider how it can be met (e.g. by creating a sense of urgency for D) or else reconsider the priority or even feasibility of the desired goal. 3.2. The systemic loop – a useful process model The systemic loop constitutes a simple and effective model for integrating the systemic principles into work processes. The main idea behind is: “We have to begin by collecting information, building hypotheses and reflecting, not by taking immediate action.”61 This is done in a circular movement of analyzing, reflecting, acting and so forth. Application of the systemic loop leads to more conscious analysis, strategy and actions. 60. Cady and others. 61. Königswieser/Hillebrand, 45. Systemic Thinking in Preventive Human Rights Monitoring