model for mental health work with refugees and individuals from comparable backgrounds. The project aims to do three main things: (i) To gather information about efforts to improve mental health services for refugees and about problems and solutions identified in this context. Data collection covers all geographical regions and all levels of public administration. (ii) To develop a national model that contains guidelines regarding mental health services and other measures to improve mental health in relation to refugees and individuals from comparable backgrounds. (iii) To assist in efforts to implement the model nationally and at different levels of mental health work. Italy: Identifying and responding to torture victims’ needs in reception centres On 19 May 2017, the Italian National Commission for the Right of Asylum issued a circular providing for the application of guidelines on the treatment and rehabilitation of torture victims, and guaranteeing operational effectiveness with regard to the work of authorities determining asylum claims. The guidelines set out that the staff operating in reception centres would be trained to deal with the specific needs of victims of torture. The guidelines also set out the rehabilitation procedure to be applied to victims of torture according to three steps: (i) Understand the trauma that the person has suffered and its consequences on her/his mental and physical health; (ii) Identify the appropriate therapy to deal with traumatic memories; and (iii) Create and strengthen positive social relationships as additional support mechanisms. REHABILITATION SERVICES AND FUNDING MODELS  Rehabilitation service models vary from country to country, depending on the political and social context, the particular needs of torture victims, the existing public health infrastructure and funding. There is no “one size fits all” response to the question on how to provide rehabilitation services. Good practice suggests that states adopt a longterm multi-disciplinary approach to providing rehabilitation services and consider the following possibilities: “ Urges States to ensure that appropriate rehabilitation is promptly available to all victims without discrimination of any kind, provided either directly by the public health system or through the funding of private rehabilitation facilities, including those administered by civil society organizations…” United Nations Human Rights Council resolution 22/21 on Torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, dealing with the rehabilitation of torture victims (i) State-led services: direct provision of specialized rehabilitation services through national health and social systems and budgets; (ii)  Non-state led services: the state provides financial support to non-governmental rehabilitation services; or (iii)  A hybrid model: integration of non-governmental specialized rehabilitation services into the national health infrastructure. TOOL: Providing Rehabilitation to Victims of Torture and Other Ill-treatment 6/13