CCPR/C/122/D/2364/2014
8.4
The Committee recalls its jurisprudence that, in cases of serious human rights
violations such as torture or enforced disappearance, a judicial remedy is required. 24 In that
connection, the Committee observes that the transitional justice bodies established by the
Act on Commission on Investigation of Disappeared Persons, Truth and Reconciliation,
2071 (2014) are not judicial organs capable of affording a judicial remedy. 25 With regard to
the remedy under the Compensation Relating to Torture Act 1996, the Committee observes
that, according to article 5 (1) of the Act, claims for compensation must be submitted within
35 days from the event of torture or after a detainee’s release. The Committee therefore
considers that, because of the 35-day statutory limit from the event of torture or the date of
release for bringing claims under the Compensation relating to Torture Act, which is in
itself flagrantly inconsistent with the gravity of the crime, this remedy was not available to
the authors. The Committee also notes that the authors have made several attempts to report
the violations they suffered and that they reported their case to the Supreme Court on two
occasions. Accordingly, the Committee considers that the authors have exhausted all
available domestic remedies and that there are no obstacles to the examination of the
communication under article 5 (2) (b) of the Optional Protocol.
8.5
The Committee notes the State party’s observations that the authors’ allegations
have not been substantiated. The Committee considers, however, that for the purposes of
admissibility, the authors have sufficiently substantiated their allegations with plausible
arguments in support thereof. As all admissibility requirements have been met, the
Committee declares the communication admissible and proceeds to its examination on the
merits.
Consideration of merits
9.1
The Committee has considered the present communication in the light of all the
information made available to it by the parties, as required under article 5 (1) of the
Optional Protocol.
9.2
The Committee notes the authors’ allegations that Ms. Sharma was subjected to an
enforced disappearance from 20 October 2003 to 25 August 2004, and from that date until
the date of her release (30 June 2005) she was subjected to arbitrary detention, torture and
ill-treatment. Her release followed an order of the Supreme Court of Nepal, which affirmed
that her detention had been illegal, and the National Human Rights Commission and the
Kathmandu District Administrative Office also affirmed that Ms. Sharma had been
subjected to enforced disappearance.
9.3. The Committee notes the State party’s argument that the authors’ allegations have
not been substantiated and that Ms. Sharma was arrested under the provision of the
Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention and Punishment) Act, 2002.
9.4
The Committee notes that it has dealt with numerous cases in respect of similar
practices in a number of earlier communications concerning the same State party. 26 In line
with those precedents, the Committee reaffirms its position that the burden of proof cannot
rest solely on the authors of the communication, especially considering that the authors and
the State party do not always have equal access to evidence, and that frequently the State
party alone has access to the relevant information. 27 It is implicit in article 4 (2) of the
24
25
26
27
12
See Giri v. Nepal, para. 6.3; and Neupane and Neupane v. Nepal (CCPR/C/120/D/2170/2012), para.
9.3.
See Neupane and Neupane v. Nepal, para. 9.3; Tharu and others v. Nepal
(CCPR/C/114/D/2038/2011), para. 9.3; Basnet v. Nepal (CCPR/C/117/D/2164/2012), para. 9.3;
Nakarmi v. Nepal (CCPR/C/119/D/2184/2012), para. 10.3; and Dhakal and others v. Nepal
(CCPR/C/119/D/2185/2012), para. 10.3.
See Himal and Devi Sharma v. Nepal (CCPR/C/WG/122/DR/2364/2014); Neupane and Neupane v.
Nepal ; Maya v. Nepal (CCPR/C/119/D/2245/2013); Basnet v. Nepal; A.S. v. Nepal
(CCPR/C/115/D/2077/2011); Tharu and others v. Nepal; Sharma v. Nepal; Sedhai v. Nepal;
Maharjan v Nepal (CCPR/C/105/D/1863/2009); Giri v. Nepal; Tripathi v. Nepal; and Katwal v.
Nepal.
See El Hassy v. Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (CCPR/C/91/D/1422/2005), para. 6.7; Medjnoune v. Algeria
(CCPR/C/87/D/1297/2004), para. 8.3; Il Khwildy v. Libya (CCPR/C/106/D/1804/2008), para. 7.2; Basnet