Structural Components of a Democratic Society
pa rt II
Helsinki 1992 (Decisions: VI. The Human Dimension)
The participating States
(53) Will endeavour, in order to strengthen democratic participation and institution
building and in developing co-operation among them, to share their respective experience on the functioning of democracy at a local and regional level, and welcome against
this background the Council of Europe information and education network in this
field;
(54) Will facilitate contacts and encourage various forms of co-operation between bodies at a local and regional level.
2.3.3 Democratic Civilian Control of Military, Paramilitary, and Internal Security Forces;
Intelligence Services; and the Police
Copenhagen 1990
(5) [The participating States] solemnly declare that among those elements of justice
which are essential to the full expression of the inherent dignity and of the equal and
inalienable rights of all human beings are the following:
(…)
(5.6) - military forces and the police will be under the control of, and accountable to, the
civil authorities;
Moscow 1991
(25) The participating States will
(25.1) - ensure that their military and paramilitary forces, internal security and intelligence services, and the police are subject to the effective direction and control of the
appropriate civil authorities;
(25.2) - maintain and, where necessary, strengthen executive control over the use of
military and paramilitary forces as well as the activities of the internal security and
intelligence services and the police;
(25.3) - take appropriate steps to create, wherever they do not already exist, and maintain effective arrangements for legislative supervision of all such forces, services and
activities.
Budapest 1994 (Decisions: IV. Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of
Security)
20. The participating States consider the democratic political control of military, paramilitary and internal security forces as well as of intelligence services and the police to
be an indispensable element of stability and security. They will further the integration
of their armed forces with civil society as an important expression of democracy.
84 OSCE Human Dimension Commitments
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