with the OSCE TNTD, UNODC and the Tajik MIA Academy conducted and supported international, regional and local conferences on combating terrorism, cybercrime and drug trafficking. The OiT, together with the MIA co-organized and co-chaired two High Political level Police Reform Steering Group meetings30 with involvement of local and International organizations and some embassies for further police reform promotion and the drafting of the Police Reform Action Plan. This has resulted in the establishment of a sub-working group tasked to draft the Police Reform Programme and Action Plan. On 27-29 November, the OiT facilitated a three-day expert operational meeting with the aim of aligning the Police Reform Programme and Action Plan with the National Police Reform Strategy. The meeting took place in Khodzha-Obi-Garm and brought together some 45 experts from the MIA, Civil Society, NGOs, International Organizations and Embassies as well as international independent experts to finalize the documents before sending them for final inter-governmental procedures and further presidential approval.31 In order to enhance the capacities of the Police Management for implementing police reform, and to facilitate the envisaged changes in the police structure according to democratic policing principles, the activities have entailed a multi-year series of training on “Leadership and Management” with specific topics and modules. In order to ensure gradual change, the OiT provided a training on “The Role of Law Enforcement Officers in the Process of Police Reform” to deepen senior managers attitude of responsibility in policing. From 15-19 April, the OiT facilitated a coherent one-week “Leadership and Management” training addressing basic elements such as organizational culture; co-operative management; co-operative leading system; and law enforcement challenges. The course was developed and delivered by an external expert from Germany. A total of 20 participants representing senior and mid-level management of the MIA from all regions of Tajikistan attended the training. From 1-9 April, a joint delegation from the MIA and the OiT went on a study trip to the USA. Organized by the International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) of the US Embassy in Tajikistan and The Emergence Group (TEG), the study visit focused on the topic of Community Policing. From 13-19 April, the OiT facilitated the participation of two MIA representatives at the second International Conference of the International Association of Police Academies (INTERPA) on “Contemporary Issues in Education, Training and Scientific Research in Security Fields” in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. From 4-6 September, the OiT facilitated the participation of two MIA officials at the “Third Meeting of the Heads of Police Organizations and Agencies” in Istanbul, Turkey. On 10 September, the OiT facilitated the participation of two MIA officials at the 41st “Regular Meeting of Council of Ministers of Internal Affairs of CIS Participating-States” in Astana, Kazakhstan. On 24 to 25 October, the OiT facilitated the participation of two MIA officials at the “OSCE Annual Police Experts Meeting” on "Improving the Role of the OSCE in Police-related 30 31 Cf. http://police-reform.tj/index.php/en/news/190-the-sixth-police-reform-steering-group-meeting-was-conducted-indushanbe; http://police-reform.tj/index.php/en/news/176-the-fifth-meeting-of-the-police-reform-steering-group-has-beenconducted. Cf. http://police-reform.tj/index.php/en/news/193-experts-meeting-to-discuss-the-draft-police-reform-program-andaction-plan-for-its-implementation. 145