Aspects of the Terrorist Bombings Convention”. The objective was to raise awareness of the need to enhance the implementation of the captioned counter-terrorism Convention. More than 30 experts from different public institutions and the private sector participated in the event. The meeting was opened by the Deputy Minister of Security and the Deputy Head of the OSCE Mission to BiH. Among other issues, the need to invest more resources to enhance security of explosives of industrial use − particularly in warehouses − was discussed. In relation to chemicals of common use in industries, which may be used as ingredients to prepare homemade explosives, participants learned about the risk posed by the current low level of control of these substances. It was generally agreed that minefields represented the most significant threat to BiH in relation to explosive substances to be controlled/secured as well as military-type ammunition and many stored explosives waiting to be destroyed (18 years after the end of the war). Finally, it was suggested that the relevant department in the Ministry of Security would continue assessing the existing and potential threats, in order to enable the corresponding legal initiatives to face them appropriately. On 17-18 September, the TNTD/ATU, jointly with UNODC and in close co-operation with the Spanish Ministry of the Interior, organized a regional expert workshop on the “Implementation of the Universal Legal Instruments against Terrorism as a Way to Enhance Counter-Terrorism Cooperation in the Mediterranean Basin” in Malaga, Spain. 78 experts (prosecutors, judges and law enforcement) from 17 countries (including six OSCE Mediterranean Partners for Co-operation) and six international and regional organizations participated in the event. The experts shared their expertise and practices on legal and operational issues during pre-investigation, investigation and prosecution of terrorism cases. They discussed the state of play, gaps and challenges for an effective and timely exchange of operational information on terrorists and terrorist networks, and on ways to use operational intelligence to support evidences in trial, with due respect for human rights and the rule of law. Experts also shared initiatives on how to better build trust among and between the judiciary and law enforcement practitioners in the region. They acknowledged that some legal vacuums existed to effectively prosecute ‘individual terrorists’, which should be urgently addressed. Many presentations underscored the trend to create ‘fusion centres’ (national coordination centres), bringing together all counter-terrorism actors of a country. On 1 October, the TNTD/ATU and the OSCE Office in Tajikistan, in co-operation with UNODC, organized a roundtable in Dushanbe on “Good Practices to Enhance Implementation of Preventive Aspects of the Terrorist Bombings Convention”. 30 experts from relevant ministries and agencies and the private industry participated in the event. The roundtable aimed at raising awareness of the need to implement the preventive measures of the Terrorist Bombings Convention by addressing the control of explosive substances of legal use, and other chemical substances of common use (such as Ammonium Nitrate fertilizers). The meeting provided a platform for discussing this threat important to the region also taking into account the frequent use of these substances for terrorist purposes in Afghanistan. Experts reviewed and discussed relevant existing laws in Tajikistan and were informed that the practical implementation of the respective laws constituted a challenge. On 15 October, the TNTD/ATU and the OSCE Office in Yerevan organized a roundtable on “Good Practices to Enhance Implementation of Preventive Aspects of the Terrorist Bombings Convention” in Yerevan. The event, which was organized in co-operation with the UNODC Terrorism Prevention Branch, was attended by 25 participants from relevant ministries and agencies of the Armenian Government, as well as private companies and international experts from Belgium, Spain and the United Kingdom. The need for raising awareness with regard to control of AN-Fertilizers and other chemical explosive precursors was discussed. Participants acknowledged the importance of the roundtable and agreed that the National Security Service, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Armenian Police were going to follow up on the discussions. 36